ANS 1

Question 1

function of nervous system

Answer 1

control and coordinate activity of all body systems

voluntary and involuntary control

Question 2

2 subdivisions of nervous system

Answer 2

CNS and PNS

Question 3

CNS

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord

receives and interprets sensory info and initiates motor responses

Question 4

PNS nerves and functions

Answer 4

afferent nerves- sensory impulses towards CNS
efferent nerves- motor impulses away from CNS
cranial nerves- 12 pairs
spinal nerves- 31 pairs

Question 5

divisions of PNS

Answer 5

somatic and autonomic

Question 6

somatic nervous system

Answer 6

innervate skeletal muscle, voluntary control

Question 7

autonomic nervous system

Answer 7

innervate cardiac and smooth muscle, involuntary control

regulates rate at which organs work by increasing or decreasing their activity = homeostasis

Question 8

autorhythmicity

Answer 8

contraction without any stimulus

Question 9

ANS is made of ganglia, which are __

Answer 9

collections of synapses

Question 10

preganglionic nerve

Answer 10

emerges from spinal cord

Question 11

postganglionic nerve

Answer 11

travels from ganglion to internal organ or gland

Question 12

neurotransmitters

Answer 12

keep impulses going
chemical substance
stimulates organ/gland to produce a change or action

Question 13

what do neurotransmitters bind to

Answer 13

receptors

Question 14

subdivisions of ANS

Answer 14

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 15

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 15

fight/fright/flight

Question 16

other name for sympathetic

Answer 16

adrenergic

Question 17

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 17

rest and digest

Question 18

other name for parasympathetic

Answer 18

cholenergic

Question 19

what does sympathetic NS regulate

Answer 19

activity of organs/glands during stressful situations

Question 20

what is stimulated by sympathetic NS

Answer 20

whole body, not just one part

Question 21

in sympathetic NS, where are ganglia from effector organ

Answer 21

far

Question 22

neurotransmitters of sympathetic NS

Answer 22

• acetylcholine (ACH)
• norepinephrine (NE)
• epinephrine (EPI)
• dopamine (DA)

Question 23

acetylcholine (ACH)

Answer 23

cholergenic

Question 24

where is ACH release

Answer 24

at ganglia from presynaptic here endings (both systems)

Question 25

norepinephrine (NE)

Answer 25

adrenergic

Question 26

where is NE released

Answer 26

postganglionic nerve endings by adrenal medulla

Question 27

epinephrine (EPI)

Answer 27

adrenergic

Question 28

what is EPI produced by

Answer 28

adrenal medulla

Question 29

what is the precursor to NE

Answer 29

dopamine

Question 30

sympathetic stimulation effect on adrenal medulla

Answer 30

release of NE

Question 31

sympathetic stimulation effect on arteries

Answer 31

vasoconstriction | except coronary arteries and arteries to skeletal muscle, which are dilated

Question 32

sympathetic stimulation effect on heart

Answer 32

Increased HR, AV conduction, and contractility

Question 33

sympathetic stimulation effect on intestines

Answer 33

Decreased G.I. motility and secretions

Question 34

sympathetic stimulation effect on postganglionic

Answer 34

NE released

Question 35

sympathetic stimulation effect on pupil

Answer 35

dilation (mydriasis)

Question 36

sympathetic stimulation effect on respiratory passages

Answer 36

Bronchodilation

Question 37

sympathetic stimulation effect on urinary bladder

Answer 37

relaxation

Question 38

sympathetic stimulation effect on urinary sphincter

Answer 38

contraction

Question 39

vasoconstriction

Answer 39

High rate of sympathetic nerve firing, increased BP, decreased blood flow

Question 40

vasodilation

Answer 40

Low rate of sympathetic nerve firing, decreased BP, increased blood flow

Question 41

Different sympathetic receptors

Answer 41

Alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2

Question 42

Where are alpha 1 receptors found

Answer 42

Glands, smooth muscle, eyes, most arteries and veins

Question 43

what do alpha 1 receptors cause

Answer 43

Smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction causing increased BP, dilation of pupils

Question 44

What are alpha 1 receptors stimulated by

Answer 44

NE and EPI

Question 45

What do alpha-2 receptors cause

Answer 45

Decreased contraction of smooth muscle causing vasodilation and decreased BP

Question 46

what kind of feedback system are alpha 2 receptors

Answer 46

negative

Question 47

where are beta 1 receptors located

Answer 47

on heart

Question 48

what do beta 1 receptors cause

Answer 48

Increased force of contraction increased HR increased conduction

Question 49

what are beta 1 receptors stimulated by

Answer 49

NE and EPI

Question 50

where are beta 2 receptors located

Answer 50

Smooth muscle, lungs, uterus, skeletal muscle arteries, coronary arteries

Question 51

what do beta 2 receptors cause

Answer 51

Smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, relaxation of coronary arteries and skeletal muscle blood vessels causing vasodilation

Question 52

what are beta 2 receptors stimulated by

Answer 52

EPI only

Question 53

sympathetic nerve fibers | length of neuron and where is ganglion in relation to effector organ

Answer 53

short preganglionic neuron | ganglion far from effector organ

Question 54

where is ACH in sympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 54

at ganglion

Question 55

where are nicotinic 1 receptors in sympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 55

at ganglion

Question 56

where is NE in sympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 56

postganglionic nerve endings

Question 57

where are adrenergic receptors in sympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 57

postganglionic nerve endings

Question 58

sympathomimetics

Answer 58

drugs that mimic the sympathetic system | agonists, adrenergics

Question 59

sympatholytics

Answer 59

Drugs that work against the sympathetic system | adrenergic blocking, blockers, inhibitors, antagonists