Solubility Flashcards
What is an unsaturated solution?
An unsaturated solution is a solution that contains less solute than it can hold at a given temperature, meaning more solute can still be dissolved.
What is a saturated solution?
A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature. Any additional solute will remain undissolved.
What is a supersaturated solution?
A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature. It is unstable, and the excess solute can crystallize out.
What is a solubility curve?
A solubility curve is a graph that shows the relationship between solubility (amount of solute) and temperature for a specific solute in a specific solvent.
What can be deduced from a solubility curve?
Solubility curves can be used to determine how much solute can dissolve at different temperatures and to identify the temperature at which a solution will become saturated or supersaturated.
How is solubility defined in terms of mole per dm³?
Solubility is defined as the amount of solute that can dissolve in 1 dm³ (1 liter) of solvent at a given temperature, typically expressed in moles per dm³.
How can you calculate the amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent?
Use the solubility value from the solubility curve and multiply it by the volume of the solvent to determine the amount of solute that can dissolve.
What type of solvents are used for fats, oils, and paints?
Non-polar solvents such as turpentine, kerosene, and benzene are commonly used for dissolving fats, oils, and paints.
Why are non-polar solvents effective for removing stains of fats, oils, and paints?
Non-polar solvents are effective because they can dissolve non-polar substances like fats, oils, and paints, making them useful for stain removal.
What is a suspension?
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture where particles are dispersed throughout but are large enough to settle out over time, such as in muddy water.
What is a colloid?
A colloid is a mixture where small particles are dispersed throughout but do not settle out, such as in milk or fog.
Q: What are some properties of suspensions?
A: Suspensions have particles that are large enough to scatter light (Tyndall effect) and will eventually settle out if left undisturbed.
What are some properties of colloids?
Colloids have particles small enough to remain evenly dispersed, exhibit the Tyndall effect, and do not settle out over time.
Give an example of a suspension.
Harmattan haze and water-based paints are examples of suspensions.
Give an example of a colloid.
Milk, fog, aerosol sprays, emulsion paints, and rubber solutions are examples of colloids.
