Electrolysis Flashcards
What is an electrolyte?
Electrolyte: A substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water or melted, due to the presence of ions. Examples include sodium chloride (NaCl) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
What is a non-electrolyte?
Non-electrolyte: A substance that does not conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted because it does not produce ions. Examples include sugar and alcohol.
What are Faraday’s laws of electrolysis?
- Faraday’s First Law: The mass of an element deposited or liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electric charge passed through the electrolyte.
- Faraday’s Second Law: The mass of an element deposited or liberated at an electrode is proportional to the equivalent weight of the element.
What is the product of electrolysis of dilute H₂SO₄?
Dilute H₂SO₄: At the cathode, hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced. At the anode, oxygen gas (O₂) is produced.
What is the product of electrolysis of aqueous CuSO₄?
Aqueous CuSO₄: At the cathode, copper metal (Cu) is deposited. At the anode, oxygen gas (O₂) is produced
What is the product of electrolysis of CuCl₂ solution?
CuCl₂ Solution: At the cathode, copper metal (Cu) is deposited. At the anode, chlorine gas (Cl₂) is produced.
What is the product of electrolysis of dilute NaCl?
Dilute NaCl: At the cathode, hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced. At the anode, chlorine gas (Cl₂) is produced.
What is the product of electrolysis of concentrated NaCl?
Concentrated NaCl: At the cathode, sodium metal (Na) is produced (if using molten NaCl), and at the anode, chlorine gas (Cl₂) is produced.
What is the product of electrolysis of fused NaCl?
Fused NaCl: At the cathode, sodium metal (Na) is produced. At the anode, chlorine gas (Cl₂) is produced.
What factors affect the discharge of ions at the electrodes during electrolysis?
Factors affecting discharge: The concentration of ions, the nature of the electrodes, the type of electrolyte, and the applied voltage.
What is the application of electrolysis in the purification of copper?
Purification of Copper: Electrolysis is used to purify copper by dissolving impure copper at the anode and depositing pure copper at the cathode.
How is electrolysis used in the production of sodium and chlorine?
Production of Sodium and Chlorine: Electrolysis of molten sodium chloride (NaCl) produces sodium metal (Na) at the cathode and chlorine gas (Cl₂) at the anode.
What are the methods used to prevent iron from corrosion?
Methods to prevent corrosion: Cathodic protection, painting, electroplating, and coating with grease or oil.
What is an electrochemical cell?
Electrochemical Cell: A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy or vice versa, through redox reactions. Examples include galvanic cells and electrolytic cells.
What is the redox series?
A:
Redox Series: A list of elements arranged according to their ability to gain or lose electrons, with more reactive elements placed higher in the series. Examples include K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, and Au.
