Sole Of The Foot

Question 1

What is abduuction of the toes

Answer 1

Spreading of the toes

Question 2

What is adduction of the toes

Answer 2

Bringing the toes closer together

Question 3

What is the function of the plantar aponeurosis

Answer 3

protects the underlying structures and helps support the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot

Question 4

What prevents bow stringing on the plantar side of the toes

Answer 4

Fibrous digital sheaths

Question 5

Where are the lumbricals found

Answer 5

They attach to the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus in the second layer of the foot

Question 6

Are the 3 unique things associated with the flexor hallicus longus (Harry)

Answer 6

1. Passes under the sestantaculum tali which acts as a pulley for the tendon
   2/3. 2 sesamoid bones(from flexor hallicus brevis) allow it to pass between so the tendon doesnt get compressed

Question 7

What do dorsal interossei do and where are they located

Answer 7

Dorsal abduct and are located between metatarsal bones

Question 8

Where are plantar interossei located and what do they do

Answer 8

Located between metatarsal bones, plantar adduct, ad flex metatarsalphalangeal joints

Question 9

The lateral plantar artery gives rise to what and what does it supply

Answer 9

Gives rise to the plantar arterial arch and supplies the toes with blood. All comes front heh posterior tibial artery

Question 10

What divides sensation sensory innervation in the foot

Answer 10

Middle of the 4th toe
Medial=3.5
Lateral=1.5

Question 11

What 4 muscles are innervated by the medial plantar nerve

Answer 11

1. Flexor digitorum brevis
2. Fist lumbrical
3. Flexor hallicus brevis (muscle of the big toe)
4. Abductor hallicus (muscles of the big toe)

Question 12

What does the lateral plantar nerve supply

Answer 12

Everything except the first lumbrical, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallicus, and the flexor hallicus brevis

Question 13

Bones that compose the medial longitudinal arch and the ligaments/muscles associated with them

Clinical correlate

Answer 13

Bones: calcaneus, talus, navicular cuneiforms, and medial 3 metatarsal bones
Ligaments: plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)
Muscles: tibialis anterior/posterior

Pes Planus: weakening of the medial longitudinal arch associated with the stretching of the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)

Question 14

Lateral arch

Bones and ligaments and muscles associated with it

Answer 14

Bones: calcaneus, cuboid, and lateral two metatarsals
Ligaments/tendons: long plantar ligament, plantar aponeurosis, and peroneal tendons
Supported by interosseus muscles