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Everything Of The Lower Extremity > Overview Of The Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Overview Of The Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Extremity development initiation

A

Begins in 4 weeks (28 days)

Palms of hands touch as well as the sole of the feet

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2
Q

Upper extremity rotation during development

A

Upper extremity rotates laterally

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3
Q

Lower extremity rotation in development

A

Lower extremity rotates medially

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4
Q 
Dermatomes in adults
L1
L3,4
L4
S1
S1,2
A 
L1-inguinal ligament
L3,4- anterior knee
L4- medial foot and big toe
S1-lateral side of the foot
S1,2- posterior side of the leg and the thigh
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5
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Movement of the sole of the foot inferiorly

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6
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Movement of the foot superiorly

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7
Q

Inversion

A

Turn foot so soles face medially

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8
Q

Version

A

Turn foot so sole faces laterally

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9
Q

Bones of the pelvis (4)

A

2 innonimate bones, sacrum, coccyx

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10
Q

Innonimate bone components (3) and where they join

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis, and they join at the acetabulum

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11
Q

What is the midline between the two innonimate bones

A

The public symphysis

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12
Q

Bony landmarks of the pelvis

A

Sacroiliac joint
Anterior superior iliac spine- anterior projection for muscle attainment and is palpable
Anterior inferior iliac spine- muscle attachment
Obturator foramen- large opening surrounded ischium, pubis, covered by the obturator membrane for muscle attachment
Pecten pubis- raised ridge on the superior edge of pubis
Pubic tubercle- bump; attachment for the inguinal ligament

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13
Q

Ischial spine

A

Pointed process from posterior border of the ischium

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14
Q

Ischial tuberosity

A

Large bony prominence on posterior part of the ischium. THIS IS WHAT PEOPLE SIT ON and there is pressure from prolonged sitting

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15
Q

Greater sciatic notch

A

Indentation above the spine

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16
Q

Sacrospinous ligament

A

Extends from the ischial spine to the sacrum

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17
Q

Sacrotuberous ligament

A

Extends front he sacrum to the ischial tuberosity

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18
Q

Function of the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

A

They prevent the sacrum from rotating due to weight transmitted down the vertebral column

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19
Q

Fova capitis (femur)

A

Indentation of the head of the femur for ligament of head of femur

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20
Q

Greater trochanter (femur)

A

Located laterally below the neck and it forms the width of the hips

21
Q

Lesser trochanter

A

Located medially below the neck

22
Q

Intertrochanteric neck (femur)

A

Ridge connecting the trochanter on the anterior side

23
Q

Intertrochanteric crest

A

Ridge connecting trochanter on the posterior side

24
Q

Linea aspera

A

A large ridge on the length of the femur on the posterior side and is the site of insertion for many thigh muscles

25
Q

Condyes- medial and lateral

A

Processes on distal end which articulates with the tibia

26
Q

Epicondyles- medial and lateral

A

Two regions directly superior to the condyles

27
Q

Adductor tubercle

A

A bump located superior to the medial epicondyle

28
Q

Popliteal surface

A

Area related to posterior of knee

29
Q

Patellar surface

A

Area related topatella on the anterior surface

30
Q

Patella bone type and clinical correlate to lack of fusion

A

Sesamoid bone. Forms from several ossification centers and if they dont all fuse can look bipartate

31
Q

Tibia bony landmarks

Medial and lateral condyle

A

Forms articulation with the femur

32
Q

Tibia bony landmarks

Tuberosity

A

Bump on the anterior side which is the attachment for the patellar tendon

33
Q

Intercondylar emminence

A

Elevation between the condyles

34
Q

Solear line

A

Oblique ridge on back of tibia

35
Q

Medial malleolus

A

Small proximal end TIBIA

36
Q

Lateral malleolus

A

Larger distal end FIBULA

37
Q

Talus

A

Articulates with the tibia and fibula(body) and below with the calcaneus and navicular(head)

38
Q

Calcaneus

A

Articulates with he talus and the cuboid. Forms the heel bone

39
Q

Navicular

A

Boat shaped, articulates with the talus proximally

40
Q

Cuboid

A

Articulates with the calcaneus

41
Q

Cuneiform bones

A

Named medial to lateral and articulate with the navicular proximally relative to themselves

42
Q

Metatarsals

A

Head distal, base proximal and articulate with the cuneiform (1-3), and 4-5. With the cuboid

43
Q

Phalanges

A

Bones of the toes

44
Q

Great saphenous vein

A

Superficial vein tat courses on the whole medial side of the lower extremity. Starts at the DORSAL ARCH OF THE FOOT and extends anterior to the MEDIAL MALLEOLUS, up to the femoral vein at the saphenous opening

45
Q

Perforating Veins

A

Connect superficial veins to deep veins and only allow flow SUPERFICIAL to DEEP

46
Q

Varicose veins

A

(DEEP TO SUPERFICIAL=PATHOLOGY)Happens whenever the veins of the perforating veins become incompetent. Ultimately superficial veins become dialated and tortuous

47
Q 
Lymphatic Veins
Horizontal
Vertical
Popliteal nodes
Deep inguinal nodes
A

Horizontal group- located below the inguinal ligament-drain gluteal and posterior thigh
Vertical group- located along termination of great saphenous veins and drain lymph frommost of lower extremity
Popliteal nodes-post to knee and drain accompanying vessels to great saphenous vein
Deep inguinal nodes-located medial tot he femoral vein

48
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

Prolong inactivity can lead to the inflammation and formation of clots in veins of the lower extremity

Everything Of The Lower Extremity (11 decks)

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