Overview Of Circulation

Question 1

Blood flow through the body starting in the right atrium

Answer 1

Dox RA (tricuspid valve)–>Dox RV (pulmonary valve)–>Dox pulmonary artery–>Ox Pulmonary veins–>Ox LA (mitral valve)–>Ox LV (aortic valve)–> systemic arteries to the body

Question 2

Artery function

Exception to the rule

Answer 2

Carry oxygen rich blood under high pressure from the heart to the body

Exception: pulmonary arteries carry oxygen depleted blood to the lungs

Question 3

Vein Function

and exception

Answer 3

Carries low oxygen content blood under low pressure back to the heart

Exception- pulmonary veins carry oxygen rich blood to the heart

Question 4

3 layers of arteries and veins

Outermost

Answer 4

Tunica adventitia- outer most layer of connective tissue

Question 5

3 layers of blood vessels and arteries

Middle

Answer 5

Tunica media-middle smooth muscle layer, most variable in thickness and amount of elastic fibers, and it controls vessel constriction

Question 6

3 layers of blood vessels and arteries

Innermost

Answer 6

Tunica intima-inner lining of endothelial cells (single layer) supported by delicate connective tissue

Question 7

Large elastic arteries (conducting)

Answer 7

(Aorta and arteries coming off the arch of the aorta)
Receive cardiac input and have many layers of elastic fibers in the tunica media to allow expansion and recoil during the cardiac cycle as well as maintain a constant pressure

Question 8

Medium muscular arteries

Distributing

Answer 8

(Most named arteries: brachial and femoral)
Composed primarily of smooth muscle in the tunica media. Muscle walls allow vessels to decrease diameter and regulate flow to different parts of the body

Question 9

Small arteries and arterioles

Hypertension

Answer 9

(Not named or identified during dissection)

Narrow Luisa and thick muscular walls and arteriole smooth muscle walls control the filling of capillary beds and regulate arteriole pressure in the vascular system.

Hypertension results in the degree of muscle tones is above normal

Question 10

Atherosclerosis

Answer 10

Thickening of the arterial walls associated with fat and cholesterol buildup and may result in thrombus

Question 11

Thrombus

Answer 11

A clot formed in a blood vessel or in a chamber of the heart that remains in its place of origin

Question 12

Embolus

Answer 12

A blood clot that detaches from its place of origin and travels in the bloodstream.

Question 13

Embolism

Answer 13

The obstruction of a blood vessel due to an embolus

Question 14

Anastomoses

Answer 14

Communications/connections between branches of arteries

Question 15

Collateral vessels

Answer 15

A series of smaller vessels that supply a tissue in addition to its main blood supply and provide a detour for blood flow if the usual way is obstructed

Question 16

Which arteries do not have anastomoses

What is the effect of this blockage

Answer 16

Terminal arteries and blockage disrupts perfusion

Question 17

Types of veins

Venuels and small veins

Answer 17

Venules=smallest unnamed veins that drain capillaries and join with small veins and unite to form a veinous plexus

Question 18

Medium veins

Answer 18

Drain veinous plexus and accompany medium arteries.
Their walls contain small amounts of smooth muscle and have valves that permit blood flow towards the heart but not in reverse

Question 19

Deep arteries typically have veins that accompany of the same name

Answer 19

Yet

Question 20

Large veins

Answer 20

Large veins contain smooth muscle and a well developed tunica adventitia
Ex. Vena cava(s)/ portal vein

Question 21

Capillaries

Answer 21

Continuous vessels that connect venules and arterioles and mediate the exchange of nutrients

Question 22

Lymphatic system

Answer 22

One way drainage systems for returning excess fluids, transporting large proteins