Soil Waste Management Flashcards
Define solid waste
Unwanted non-liquid, non-toxic, and non-soluble, types of waste.
Discarded household, commercial, industrial, agricultural, construction debris.
Major sources of solid waste:
Food preparation, market places
Organic waste
Major sources of organic waste:
Paper, wood, dried leaves
Combustible
Major source of organic waste:
Metals, tins, cans
Non-combustible
Major sources of solid waste:
(can be hazardous wastes)
Electronic wastes
Major sources of solid waste:
Carcasses of domestic animals and livestock
Dead animals
Major sources of solid waste:
(excluding volcanic ash)
Ashes/dust
Major sources of solid waste:
oil battery, medical waste
Hazardous waste
Health risks of solid plastic waste
- breeding of disease vectors; rats and flies
- Human health risk
- Environmental risk, long residence time
Contributors of solid waste in the Philippines:
kitchen scraps, yard waste, glass bottles, plastic containers, Waste electrical electronic equipment
Residential wastes - 56.7%
Contributors of solid waste in the Philippines:
markets and establishments
Commercial wastes - 27.1%
Contributors of solid waste in the Philippines:
Government offices, educational and medical institutions
Institutional wastes - 12.1%
Contributors of solid waste in the Philippines:
Manufacturing sector and industrial sector
Industrial wastes - 4.1%
Worldwide distribution of solid waste
33% are not managed properly
34% accounted by high income countries
5 factors of Municipal solid wastes
- Rapid urbanization
- Public Indifference
- Changing lifestyles
- Consumption patterns
- Spiraling population growth rates
What is solid waste management
Control of generation, collection, transport, and processing of solid waste that best address economic, aesthetic, and environmental conditions.
Why is SWM Interdisciplinary?
Targets economics, the sciences, sociology, geography, material sciences, engineering e.t.c.
Steps to effective SWM
- identify waste
- identify source of waste
- determine health hazards of waste
- determine volume of waste
- identify safe collection method of waste
- identify safe transportation of waste
7.identify safe disposal of waste
What is the waste hierarchy pyramid from most to least preferred
- prevention
- reuse
- recycle
- recover
- disposal
Sanitary landfill:
no refuse exposed, all refuse covered with 6 inches of soil
Daily cover
Sanitary landfill:
compacted garbage surrounded by soil from daily cover
Refuse cell
Sanitary landfill:
Perforated pipes in sand layer collect rainwater filtered by landfill (leachate)
Leachate collection
Sanitary landfill:
FIRST layer that prevent soil and waste contamination
Plastic liner
Sanitary landfill:
SECOND layer that prevent soil and waste contamination
Clay barrier
Environmental Impact Assessment:
collection of bacterial pollution
Plankton net
Environmental Impact Assessment:
collet debris ad possible solid waste through sieves
Soil sieve
Environmental Impact Assessment:
check quality of water such as pH, conductivity, turbidity, fecal coliform, etc
Water quality meter
Environmental Impact Assessment:
determines amount of pollutants in the air from Industrial stacks at a specific time and place
Stack sampler
Environmental Impact Assessment:
checks quality of air such as VOCs and PMs
Air quality checker
Environmental Impact Assessment:
measures elevation and height specifically for landfills and site assessment for landfills
Hyosometer
