Biodiversity

Question 1

Genetic Diversity

Answer 1

Variation in genetic composition among individuals of a population, a species, or a community

Question 2

Ecosystem Diversity

Answer 2

Variety of different habitats, communities, and ecological processes

Question 3

Species Diversity

Answer 3

Number and relative abundance of species found in a given biological organization

Question 4

Umbrella Species

Answer 4

Usually migratory and/or need a large habitat

Protecting these species indirectly protects all other species that make up the ecosystem

Question 5

The Philippines

Answer 5

1. High endemism
2. Mega diverse
3. Biodiversity Hotspot
4. Center of Coral Triangle

Question 6

High Endemism

Answer 6

Species found there are not found anywhere else on Earth

Question 7

Mega Diverse

Answer 7

Exhibiting great biodiversity

Question 8

Biodiversity Hotspot

Answer 8

A biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is under threat from humans

Question 9

Threats to Biodiversity

Answer 9

1. Habitat Destruction/Distrubance
2. Overexploitation
3. Invasive Species
4. Poaching

Question 10

Habitat Destruction/Disturbance Example

Answer 10

Vanishing of Philippine Forests

China’s Three Gorges Dam

Question 11

Overexploitation Example

Answer 11

Dynamite Fishing

Making of Quarries and road extensions

Using of pesticide

Question 12

Invasive Species Examples

Answer 12

Spike-topped apple snail

Janitor Fish

Question 13

Poaching Examples

Answer 13

poaching of elephants for ivory

Rhinos for horn and hide

Question 14

Conserving Biodiversity

Answer 14

1. Establish protected areas (NIPAS)
2. Captive breeding programs
3. Community-based resource management
4. Wildlife Resources and Conservation Act of 2001
5. Regulating Biopiracy and Bioprospecting
6. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA)
7. International Agreements
8. Preserving Genetic Stock

Question 15

Establish protected areas Examples

Answer 15

National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act; legislation to create protected areas, very tedious process but can be used to get national support

Question 16

Captive breeding programs examples

Answer 16

China and their pandas

Philippine Eagle Breeding areas

Bolinao Giant Clam Sacntuary

Turtle hatcheries

Question 17

Community-based resource management examples

Answer 17

Bantay Dagat

Swimming with Butanding

Question 18

Wildlife Resources and Conservation Act

Answer 18

Conserve and protect wildlife species

Regulate collection and trade of wildlife

Pursue Philippine commitment to international conventions

Initiate and support scientific studies on the conservation of biological diversity

Question 19

Regulating Biopiracy and Bioprospecting

Answer 19

Described guidelines and procedures for the prospecting and pirating of biological and genetic resources

Question 20

Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA)

Answer 20

Act to recognize, protect, and promote the rights of indigenous cultural communities/indigenous peoples, creating a national commission on indigenous peoples

Question 21

International Agreements Examples

Answer 21

Convention on the International Trade of Endagered Species (1973)

Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) in Nagoya

Question 22

Preserving Genetic Stock Examples

Answer 22

Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway

Question 23

Preservationism

Answer 23

Strict setting aside of natural resources such as Sanctuaries

Question 24

Conservationism

Answer 24

Sustainable use and management such as protected areas