Soft tissue Tumors and OSteomyeliti Flashcards
What is the most common sarcoma in childhood?
rhabdomyosarcoma
What is the common sarcoma in young adulthood?
Synovial sarcoma
What is the most common sarcoma in later adult life?
liposarcoma
hello
jason
What are the clinical findings of bone tumors?
pain
Mass
pathologic fracture
or can be asymptomatic
What is a steroetypical finding of osteoid osteoma?
severe pain esp at night relieved with aspirin
Where are giant cell tumor usually found age wise?
adults
Bone formation in tumor is fond how on radiological pattern?
bright white ivory like
Osteoid osteoma nad osteoblastoma re different how?
osteoid osteoma small less than 2cm are very painful with response to aspirin; radiolucent within sclerotic cortexx whereas osteoblastoma are larger than 2 cm also painful but less os
What is osteosarcoma and where does it usually present in who?
most common sarcoma in bone
2000 cases per year
usually occurs in young men in the metaphysis
What is the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma?
inherited mutant allele of Rb gene
mutation of p53 suppressor gene
prior irradiation
bone growth/disease
What is prognosis of osteosarcoma?
60-65% for pts with non-mestatic cancer 5 yr survival rate
What is chondroma?
benign hyaline cartilage lesion
What are the finidngs of enchondroma?
usually asymptomatic, incidental finding
appendicular skeleton
cartilagenous lesion
What is mutliple chondromatosis disease?
frequent point mutations in IDH1 or IDH2
ollier’s disease
What is a chondrosarcoma?
malignant tumor in in which cells produce a cartilaginous matrix found in older adults
What is the pathology associated with a chondrosarcoma?
generally more cellular than nuclear
binucleation is frequent but doesn’t suffice
What inhibits calcification in osteoblasts?
pyrophosphate
What do pre-osteoblasts make genetically turned on?
COL, AP and RUNX2
What do osteoblasts have genetically turned on?
COL high AP high RnX2, OSX
What do mature osteoblasts have turned on genetically?
DKK1, SOST COL, AP
What is the master regulator of bone formation?
RUNX2
What do osteoclasts require for activations?
MCSF and RANK ligand to initiate activation
What do osteoclasts do to resorb bone?
they make a tight ring around the part of bone they want to resorb with actin
Cortical bone makes p what?
90-90% of volume is calcified, fufills aminly a mechanical and protective function; always found on outside of bone and surrounds trabecular bone
What does sclerostin do?
inhibits the growth and funciton of osteoblasts preventing bone growth
