Soft tissue Tumors and OSteomyeliti

Question 1

What is the most common sarcoma in childhood?

Answer 1

rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 2

What is the common sarcoma in young adulthood?

Answer 2

Synovial sarcoma

Question 3

What is the most common sarcoma in later adult life?

Answer 3

liposarcoma

Question 4

hello

Answer 4

jason

Question 5

What are the clinical findings of bone tumors?

Answer 5

pain
Mass
pathologic fracture
or can be asymptomatic

Question 6

What is a steroetypical finding of osteoid osteoma?

Answer 6

severe pain esp at night relieved with aspirin

Question 7

Where are giant cell tumor usually found age wise?

Answer 7

adults

Question 8

Bone formation in tumor is fond how on radiological pattern?

Answer 8

bright white ivory like

Question 9

Osteoid osteoma nad osteoblastoma re different how?

Answer 9

osteoid osteoma small less than 2cm are very painful with response to aspirin; radiolucent within sclerotic cortexx whereas osteoblastoma are larger than 2 cm also painful but less os

Question 10

What is osteosarcoma and where does it usually present in who?

Answer 10

most common sarcoma in bone
2000 cases per year
usually occurs in young men in the metaphysis

Question 11

What is the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma?

Answer 11

inherited mutant allele of Rb gene
mutation of p53 suppressor gene
prior irradiation
bone growth/disease

Question 12

What is prognosis of osteosarcoma?

Answer 12

60-65% for pts with non-mestatic cancer 5 yr survival rate

Question 13

What is chondroma?

Answer 13

benign hyaline cartilage lesion

Question 14

What are the finidngs of enchondroma?

Answer 14

usually asymptomatic, incidental finding
appendicular skeleton
cartilagenous lesion

Question 15

What is mutliple chondromatosis disease?

Answer 15

frequent point mutations in IDH1 or IDH2

ollier’s disease

Question 16

What is a chondrosarcoma?

Answer 16

malignant tumor in in which cells produce a cartilaginous matrix found in older adults

Question 17

What is the pathology associated with a chondrosarcoma?

Answer 17

generally more cellular than nuclear

binucleation is frequent but doesn’t suffice

Question 18

What inhibits calcification in osteoblasts?

Answer 18

pyrophosphate

Question 19

What do pre-osteoblasts make genetically turned on?

Answer 19

COL, AP and RUNX2

Question 20

What do osteoblasts have genetically turned on?

Answer 20

COL high AP high RnX2, OSX

Question 21

What do mature osteoblasts have turned on genetically?

Answer 21

DKK1, SOST COL, AP

Question 22

What is the master regulator of bone formation?

Answer 22

RUNX2

Question 23

What do osteoclasts require for activations?

Answer 23

MCSF and RANK ligand to initiate activation

Question 24

What do osteoclasts do to resorb bone?

Answer 24

they make a tight ring around the part of bone they want to resorb with actin

Question 25

Cortical bone makes p what?

Answer 25

90-90% of volume is calcified, fufills aminly a mechanical and protective function; always found on outside of bone and surrounds trabecular bone

Question 26

What does sclerostin do?

Answer 26

inhibits the growth and funciton of osteoblasts preventing bone growth