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Sports Medicine > soft tissue and trauma > Flashcards

soft tissue and trauma Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What is soft tissue?

A

connects, supports, and surrounds structures and organs (not bone).

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2
Q

Soft tissue is made up of?

A

Ligaments, tendons, skin, fascia, fibrous tissue, fat, connective tissue, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

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3
Q

Ligament

A

bone to bone

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4
Q

Tendon

A

Muscle to bone

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5
Q

Skin surrounds?

A

Outer part of body

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6
Q

muscle=

A

movement/produce heat

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7
Q

Soft tissue injury=

A

injury to soft tissue

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8
Q

5 signs of inflammation:

A

redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function

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9
Q

Contusion:

A

=Bruise
- caused by sudden blow to the body
-not penetrate skin, injury to blood vessels

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10
Q

Symptoms of contusion

A

swelling, pain, point tenderness, redness, warmth, ecchymosis, loss of function

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11
Q

treatment for contusion:

A

PRICE:
P- Protection
R- Rest
I- Ice
C- Compression
E- Elevation

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12
Q

sTrain

A

stretch or tear in muscle/tendon
-caused by excessive muscle contraction or direct blow to body

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13
Q

Sites of sTrains

A

Hamstrings, Quads, Lats. Hip flexors

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14
Q

Signs and Symptoms of sTrain

A

local swelling, cramping, inflammation, Loss of Function, pain, general weakness, discoloration

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15
Q

Degree of sTrain

A

grade 1: Stretched; some pain/tenderness with movement
grade 2: partial tear; extremely painful
grade 3: complete rupture; total loss of movement

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16
Q

Treatment for sTrain

A

PRICE; ibuprofen, if severe: hard cast/surgery

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17
Q

prevention for sTrain

A

proper warm-up, regular weight training, stretching, proper mechanics, hydration, cool-down

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18
Q

Sprain

A

LIGAMENT
-caused by falling, twisting, direct blow

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19
Q

common sights of sprain

A

ankle, wrist, knee

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20
Q

signs and symptoms of sprain

A

pain, swelling, heat, redness, bruising, stiffness, may hear a pop at time of injury

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21
Q

Severity of Sprain

A

1st degree: stretched not torn; little loss of function and pain
2nd degree: partial tear; extremely painful
3rd degree: ligament torn; total loss of movement

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22
Q

Treatment for sprain

A

PRICE, surgery (depending on ligament), ibuprofen

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23
Q

prevention for sprain

A

balance training, taping and bracing joint, strengthening muscles, flexibility, proper nutrition and hydration

24
Q

Shin Splints

A

inflammation of connective tissue surrounding tibia

25
Q

symptoms of shin splints

A

soreness on inner part of lower leg, mild swelling

26
Q

treatment (shin splints)

A

Rest, Ice, Pain relievers

27
Q

prevention (Shin Splints)

A

chose right shoes, cross train, warm up before workout, strength training

28
Q

Tennis Elbow

A

condition when tendons in elbow overwork by repetitive movements of wrist and arm

29
Q

Tennis elbow Medical term?

A

Lateral Epicondylitis

30
Q

symptoms (tennis elbow)

A

pain radiating in pinky/ring finger, tenderness, weakness

31
Q

Treatment (tennis elbow)

A

rest, ice, anti-inflammatory

32
Q

prevention (tennis elbow)

A

stretch arm muscles, strengthen arm muscles, wear brace, proper technique

33
Q

Tendonitis

A

inflammation of tendon
- caused by repetition of movement

34
Q

symptoms of tendonitis

A

pain, swelling, hot, red, lump, feeling of grating as it moves

35
Q

treatment (tendonitis)

A

rest, ice, over-counter pain relievers, cortisone injection, surgery

36
Q

prevention (tendonitis)

A

avoid stress activites, strength exercises, stretch, cross training, proper techniques

37
Q

MRSA (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus)

A

-Bacteria found on skin
-resistant to antibiotics
-may spread

38
Q

tetanus

A

-bacterial infection
- causes fever and convulsions (muscle spasms)

39
Q

Signs of infection

A

Pain, heat, redness, swelling, pus may form, fever
- treated by antibiotics

40
Q

5 types of skin wounds

A

Abrasions, laceration, incision, puncture, avulsion

41
Q

Abrasion

A

skin is scraped against surface, top layer is worn away
- prone to infection

42
Q

laceration

A

sharp/pointed object tears tissues
- JAGGED or Rough cut

43
Q

incision

A

smooth edge, occurs over sharp bone

44
Q

puncture

A

object penetrates into skin

45
Q

avulsion

A

skin is torn away and usually major bleeding

46
Q

Immediate care:

A

Clean with soap and water initally

47
Q

What types of wounds may require sutures or stitches

A

lacerations, incisions, punctures, and avulsions

48
Q

What is a wound?

A

trauma to tissues causing breaking in that tissue

49
Q

Stages of healing?

A

acute- protection phase
sub-acute- repair phase
late stage- remodeling phase
chronic phase: ongoing repair and remodeling phase

50
Q

acute phase

A

inital injury- 72 hours
-treat through price
-body protects in this phase

51
Q

sub-acute phase

A

72-6 weeks
-body lays down new tissue
-treat through: ice (swelling), heat (no swelling), message, e-stim, brace/tape, stretch & strengthen

52
Q

Late phase

A

6 weeks- 3 months
- new tissue become stronger
- treat same as sub-actue

53
Q

chronic phase

A

3+ months
- back to game-like acitivties, more strengthening

54
Q

When to use ice?

A

first 72 hrs
if: SWOLLEN, RED, HOT

55
Q

When to use Heat?

A

after 72 hrs
if: NO SWELLING, RED, HEAT

Sports Medicine (8 decks)

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