soft tissue and trauma

Question 1

What is soft tissue?

Answer 1

connects, supports, and surrounds structures and organs (not bone).

Question 2

Soft tissue is made up of?

Answer 2

Ligaments, tendons, skin, fascia, fibrous tissue, fat, connective tissue, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Question 3

Ligament

Answer 3

bone to bone

Question 4

Tendon

Answer 4

Muscle to bone

Question 5

Skin surrounds?

Answer 5

Outer part of body

Question 6

muscle=

Answer 6

movement/produce heat

Question 7

Soft tissue injury=

Answer 7

injury to soft tissue

Question 8

5 signs of inflammation:

Answer 8

redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function

Question 9

Contusion:

Answer 9

=Bruise
- caused by sudden blow to the body
-not penetrate skin, injury to blood vessels

Question 10

Symptoms of contusion

Answer 10

swelling, pain, point tenderness, redness, warmth, ecchymosis, loss of function

Question 11

treatment for contusion:

Answer 11

PRICE:
P- Protection
R- Rest
I- Ice
C- Compression
E- Elevation

Question 12

sTrain

Answer 12

stretch or tear in muscle/tendon
-caused by excessive muscle contraction or direct blow to body

Question 13

Sites of sTrains

Answer 13

Hamstrings, Quads, Lats. Hip flexors

Question 14

Signs and Symptoms of sTrain

Answer 14

local swelling, cramping, inflammation, Loss of Function, pain, general weakness, discoloration

Question 15

Degree of sTrain

Answer 15

grade 1: Stretched; some pain/tenderness with movement
grade 2: partial tear; extremely painful
grade 3: complete rupture; total loss of movement

Question 16

Treatment for sTrain

Answer 16

PRICE; ibuprofen, if severe: hard cast/surgery

Question 17

prevention for sTrain

Answer 17

proper warm-up, regular weight training, stretching, proper mechanics, hydration, cool-down

Question 18

Sprain

Answer 18

LIGAMENT
-caused by falling, twisting, direct blow

Question 19

common sights of sprain

Answer 19

ankle, wrist, knee

Question 20

signs and symptoms of sprain

Answer 20

pain, swelling, heat, redness, bruising, stiffness, may hear a pop at time of injury

Question 21

Severity of Sprain

Answer 21

1st degree: stretched not torn; little loss of function and pain
2nd degree: partial tear; extremely painful
3rd degree: ligament torn; total loss of movement

Question 22

Treatment for sprain

Answer 22

PRICE, surgery (depending on ligament), ibuprofen

Question 23

prevention for sprain

Answer 23

balance training, taping and bracing joint, strengthening muscles, flexibility, proper nutrition and hydration

Question 24

Shin Splints

Answer 24

inflammation of connective tissue surrounding tibia

Question 25

symptoms of shin splints

Answer 25

soreness on inner part of lower leg, mild swelling

Question 26

treatment (shin splints)

Answer 26

Rest, Ice, Pain relievers

Question 27

prevention (Shin Splints)

Answer 27

chose right shoes, cross train, warm up before workout, strength training

Question 28

Tennis Elbow

Answer 28

condition when tendons in elbow overwork by repetitive movements of wrist and arm

Question 29

Tennis elbow Medical term?

Answer 29

Lateral Epicondylitis

Question 30

symptoms (tennis elbow)

Answer 30

pain radiating in pinky/ring finger, tenderness, weakness

Question 31

Treatment (tennis elbow)

Answer 31

rest, ice, anti-inflammatory

Question 32

prevention (tennis elbow)

Answer 32

stretch arm muscles, strengthen arm muscles, wear brace, proper technique

Question 33

Tendonitis

Answer 33

inflammation of tendon - caused by repetition of movement

Question 34

symptoms of tendonitis

Answer 34

pain, swelling, hot, red, lump, feeling of grating as it moves

Question 35

treatment (tendonitis)

Answer 35

rest, ice, over-counter pain relievers, cortisone injection, surgery

Question 36

prevention (tendonitis)

Answer 36

avoid stress activites, strength exercises, stretch, cross training, proper techniques

Question 37

MRSA (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus)

Answer 37

-Bacteria found on skin -resistant to antibiotics -may spread

Question 38

tetanus

Answer 38

-bacterial infection - causes fever and convulsions (muscle spasms)

Question 39

Signs of infection

Answer 39

Pain, heat, redness, swelling, pus may form, fever - treated by antibiotics

Question 40

5 types of skin wounds

Answer 40

Abrasions, laceration, incision, puncture, avulsion

Question 41

Abrasion

Answer 41

skin is scraped against surface, top layer is worn away - prone to infection

Question 42

laceration

Answer 42

sharp/pointed object tears tissues - JAGGED or Rough cut

Question 43

incision

Answer 43

smooth edge, occurs over sharp bone

Question 44

puncture

Answer 44

object penetrates into skin

Question 45

avulsion

Answer 45

skin is torn away and usually major bleeding

Question 46

Immediate care:

Answer 46

Clean with soap and water initally

Question 47

What types of wounds may require sutures or stitches

Answer 47

lacerations, incisions, punctures, and avulsions

Question 48

What is a wound?

Answer 48

trauma to tissues causing breaking in that tissue

Question 49

Stages of healing?

Answer 49

acute- protection phase sub-acute- repair phase late stage- remodeling phase chronic phase: ongoing repair and remodeling phase

Question 50

acute phase

Answer 50

inital injury- 72 hours -treat through price -body protects in this phase

Question 51

sub-acute phase

Answer 51

72-6 weeks -body lays down new tissue -treat through: ice (swelling), heat (no swelling), message, e-stim, brace/tape, stretch & strengthen

Question 52

Late phase

Answer 52

6 weeks- 3 months - new tissue become stronger - treat same as sub-actue

Question 53

chronic phase

Answer 53

3+ months - back to game-like acitivties, more strengthening

Question 54

When to use ice?

Answer 54

first 72 hrs if: SWOLLEN, RED, HOT

Question 55

When to use Heat?

Answer 55

after 72 hrs if: NO SWELLING, RED, HEAT