Muscular System

Question 1

4 types of tissue

Answer 1

Muscular, Nervous, Connective, and Epithelial

Question 2

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 2

Lines organs, vessels, and cavities
-Protects, absorbs, excretes, surface transport, sensory functions

Question 3

Nervous Tissue

Answer 3

Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves
-Controls functions, communications, integration, and controls muscles and glands

Question 4

Connective Tissue

Answer 4

fat, skin, blood, and cartilage
-wraps and cushions organs, stores nutrients, internal support for organs, and protects joints

Question 5

Ligaments connects?

Answer 5

bone to bone

Question 6

Tendons connect?

Answer 6

muscle to bone

Question 7

Muscles are made up of

Answer 7

protein and water

Question 8

Functions of Muscular System

Answer 8

• Movement
  -maintain posture
  -stability of joints
  -support soft tissue
  -provide heat
  -Guard entrances and exits

Question 9

Voluntary and Involuntary (2 types of muscle)

Answer 9

Voluntary: Controlled by person
Involuntary: Automatic

Question 10

Types of Muscle

Answer 10

Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal

Question 11

Smooth Muscle

Answer 11

found in hallow organs and blood vessels: Involuntary and unstriated: moves urine, food, and reproductive secretions.

Question 12

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 12

Found in heart: involuntary and striated: circulates blood and maintains blood pressure

Question 13

Skeletal

Answer 13

Surrounds skeleton: stabilizes and moves position of skeleton, generates heat, protects internal organs

Question 14

3 parts of connective tissue

Answer 14

Epimysium: top (outer) layer of muscle
Perimysium: layer surrounding muscle fibers
Endomysium: inner layer surrounding each muscle fiber

Question 15

What is muscle fiber made up of?

Answer 15

thick/thin filaments, actin and myosin

Question 16

Muscles always work in and attach

Answer 16

pairs, origin and insertion

Question 17

agonist/ antagonist

Answer 17

agonist: responsible for movement
antagonist: resists the movement

Question 18

flexor/ Synergist

Answer 18

Flexor: Stabilize
Synergist: help do same movement

Question 19

twitch/ tetanus

Answer 19

Twitch: single contraction
Tetanus: contraction followed by another

Question 20

muscle named based on:

Answer 20

shape, size, muscle fiber direction, action, # of origins, origins and insertions, functions, and location

Question 21

4 types of soreness

Answer 21

Muscle strains: overstretch/tear of muscle or tendon
Muscle spasm: contraction of muscle
DOMS: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (feeling after workout)
Lactic Acid: Burning feeling (by-product of muscle metabolism)

Question 22

When is DOMS felt?

Answer 22

24-72 hours after workout

Question 23

Muscle Contractions:

Answer 23

Isotonic, Isometric, Isokinetic

Question 24

Isotonic

Answer 24

Change in length and speed, resistance is constant
- bicep curl, squats

Question 25

advantages and disadvantages of isotonic

Answer 25

advantage: strengthens muscle through ROM, choose exercises disadvantage: make muscles sore because of stress, gains strength at weakest point of action

Question 26

Isometric

Answer 26

muscle contracts & no change length -plank

Question 27

advantages and disadvantages of isometric

Answer 27

Advantage: develop static strength, not expensive equipment, do anywhere Disadvantage: muscle not working though action

Question 28

isokinetic

Answer 28

contracts and shortens at constant speed, change in resistance -NEED machine (treadmill)

Question 29

advantages and disadvantages of isokinetic

Answer 29

advantage: gains even strength through ROM, fastest way to increase strength disadvantage: equipment is expensive

Question 30

muscle fibers:

Answer 30

type 1: slow twitch: endurance type 2: fast twitch: strength & power

Question 31

anerobic respiration

Answer 31

strength exercises: without air: fast twitch - energy turned into lactic acid

Question 32

aerobic respiration

Answer 32

Oxygen: slow twitch: endurance exercise

Question 33

Muscle Fibers: (Color)

Answer 33

fast fiber: white meat slow fiber: dark meat Humans contain a mixture

Question 34

Types of Stretches:

Answer 34

Dynamic, Static, Ballistic, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)

Question 35

Dynamic

Answer 35

movement "active stretch" (Before activity)

Question 36

Static

Answer 36

Holding stretch (After activity)

Question 37

Ballistic

Answer 37

"bouncing stretch" (NEVER SHOULD BE DONE)

Question 38

PNF

Answer 38

Done with a partner (Before or after activity)