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Sports Medicine > Emergency Preparedness, bleeding and shock, vital signs and blood pressure > Flashcards

Emergency Preparedness, bleeding and shock, vital signs and blood pressure Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What are certified athletic trainers (ATC’s)?

A

must be properly prepared and trained for medical crisis/disorders

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2
Q

5 Necessities for emergency procedures:

A

-Emergency Action Plan
-Proper coverage
-Emergency Equipment
-Medical Personnel
-Continue Education

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3
Q

Emergency Action Plan (EAP)

A

written out of who, when, and why for an emergency

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4
Q

4 components of EAP:

A

emergency personnel, communication, emergency equipment, and transportation

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5
Q

Emergency personnel

A

how many people are there/first responders
-immediate care provided by most qualified personnel

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6
Q

communication

A

how we activate EMS.
-radio communication/call 911

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7
Q

emergency equipment

A

AED, spine board, etc.
-People using must know how to use

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8
Q

transportation

A

how we transport them

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9
Q

What is a Medical Emergency?

A

potential to be life-threatening/progress to be life-threatening

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10
Q

examples of medical emergency:

A

stop breathing, severe bleeding, severe asthma attack, heart related injuries, injuries causing shock, concussion (where you blackout), neck/spine injuries, unconsciousness, severe fracture/dislocation, eye injuries

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11
Q

What is a Non medical emergency?

A

doesn’t threaten life or limb

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12
Q

examples of non medical emergency:

A

abrasions, minor lacerations/incisons/punctures, strains/sprains, minor concussions without loss of consciousness

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13
Q

Emergency medical card

A

profile information kept on track for emergencies.

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14
Q

Blood is?

A

the only type of tissue throughout the body.
-carries O2 and nutrients, transports waste

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15
Q

Types of bleeding?

A

arterial bleeding, venous bleeding, capillary bleeding

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16
Q

Arterial bleeding

A

bright red blood that spurts/pulses. CRITICAL and LIFE-THREATENING

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17
Q

Venous Bleeding

A

Darker color blood, slower, less severe non-pulsing bleeding.
-easier to control (put direct pressure)
-1+ veins ruptured

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18
Q

Capillary Bleeding

A

Slow oozing blood, blood clots rapidly. (ex. Skin knee)
-greatest risk of infection

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19
Q

Treatment for arterial bleeding:

A

treat for shock, apply direct pressure, call EMS, apply tourniquet

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20
Q

Treatment for venous bleeding:

A

direct pressure, compression bandage, follow up with doctor

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21
Q

treatment for capillary bleeding:

A

clean soap and water, bandage

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22
Q

What is shock?

A

where circulation fails (heart/lungs not pumping where needed to).
-Precursor to death

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23
Q

4 types of shock:

A

hemorrhagic, anaphylactic, psychogenic, metabolic

24
Q

hemorrhagic shock

A

caused when lots of blood lost.
-blood pressure falls, caused by blunt trauma/internal injuries

25
Q

anaphylactic shock

A

caused by severe allergic reaction

26
Q

psychogenic shock

A

temporary physiological response to fear/stress
- People with PTSD
-Cause person to faint

27
Q

metabolic shock

A

severe loss of bodily fluids
-Severe dehydration, vomiting, and diarrhea

28
Q

Signs of shock

A

cold clammy skin, restlessness and anxiety, rapid breathing, sweating, pale face, blue around mouth

29
Q

Symptoms of shock

A

shallow respiration, dilated pupils, thirst, nausea/vomiting, loss of consciousness, blood pressure falling

30
Q

treatment for shock

A

call 911, maintain clear airway, ELEVATE EXTREMITIES 12 INCH, keep victim in supine postition, DO NOT give food/water, keep them calm, monitor vital signs

31
Q

Vital signs

A

Temp, pulse, BP, Respirations, pain

32
Q

Cause of elevated and lowered temp

A

HIGH: environmental, stress, infection, certain cancers
-Heat stroke if body temp too high
LOW: Environmental and Exposure
-confusion, decreased level of consciousness, heart/respiratory failure

33
Q

Therapeutic hypothermia

A

induced with cardiac arrest/neuro trauma.
-maintain brain function after recovery

34
Q

ways to take temp?

A

orally, temporal, axillary, tympanic (ear), rectal

35
Q

normall temp?

A

97-99 degrees
-fever= >100.4

36
Q

Pulse?

A

opening and closing of aortic valve
-normal adult= 60-100 bpm
- tachycardia= >100 bpm
-Bradycardia= <60 bpm

37
Q

check pulse to see…

A

if heart working/not working hard enough

38
Q

peripheral pulse vs no peripheral pulse

A

peripheral= pumping enough blood= stable
no peripheral= not stable

39
Q

High Pulse?

A

resting heart rate over 100bpm is abnormal

40
Q

low pulse?

A

be from:
-athlete, medication, heart conductivity/muscle problem

41
Q

respirations?

A

how many breaths per min.
-normal adult=12-20 per min
-tachypnea= >25 per min
-Bradypnea= <10 per min

42
Q

symptoms of respiratory disease:

A

increased respirations, shallow breathing, slow breathing, sweating, agitation, lethargy, blue lips, grunting and nasal flaring

43
Q

O2 saturation?

A

amount of O2 in bloodstream.
-Normal adult= 94-99 %

44
Q

Pain is

A

Subjective
-objective data: heart rate, BP, temp, restlessness, sweating, agitation, anger

45
Q

Blood Pressure (BP)?

A

circulating blood on walls of arteries
- written systolic over diastolic (ex.120/80)

46
Q

Systole?

A

phase of heartbeat where muscle contracts and blood pumps out into arteries

47
Q

Diastole?

A

phase of heartbeat where muscle relaxes and blood fills heart chambers

48
Q

causes of high BP?

A

heredity, pain, anxiety, lifestyle, medications, kidney disease

49
Q

What happens when BP is high for too long?

A

stroke, heat disease/attacks, kidney failure

50
Q

Prevention for high BP?

A

healthy diet, weight control, physical activity

51
Q

Treatment for high BP?

A

limit salt, lose weight, stress reduction, medication is needed

52
Q

Hypotension?

A

<89/<59
- causes: medication, hypovolemia (low blood volume), shock, infections

53
Q

Hypotension can lead to?

A

death, falls, LOC (loss of consciousness)

54
Q

Orthostatic Hypotension

A

sudden drop in BP from sitting to standing.

55
Q

symptoms of Orthostatic hypotension

A

dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, seeing black spots, confusion

Sports Medicine (8 decks)

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