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CC 2 LAB > Sodium > Flashcards

Sodium Flashcards

1
Q

positively charged ion that binds at the active site of enzymes, playing a crucial role in substrate binding and transition state stabilization.

A

Monocovalent cation

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2
Q

Sodium

• most abundant____ in the____

A

cation

ECF

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3
Q

SODIUM

•____ of all ECF cations
• major determinant of______

A

90%

plasma osmolality

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4
Q

plasma osmolality

A

295 millimoles per liter

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5
Q

Sodium constitutes ______ of the plasma osmolality

A

270 millimoles per liter

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6
Q

Percent of sodium in ECF

A

90%

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7
Q

Which is greater in EXTRACELLULAR fluid?

Sodium or potassium?

A

Sodium

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8
Q

Which is greater in INTRACELLULAR fluid?

Sodium or potassium?

A

Potassium

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9
Q

POSSIBLE SPECIMENS for SODIUM

A

SERUM
PLASMA
URINE
WHOLE BLOOD
SWEAT
CSF

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10
Q

What TUBE to use for PLASMA spx

A

lithium heparin
ammonium heparin
lithium oxalate

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11
Q

SODIUM ION DETERMINATION

A

• Chemical methods
• FES
• AAS
• ISE (glass ion exchange membrane)

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12
Q

Reference Ranges
• Serum:

A

136-145 mmol/L

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13
Q

Urine RR

A

40 - 220 mmol/day (varies with diet)

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14
Q

CSF rr

A

136 - 150 mmol/L

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15
Q

Chemical Method

A

• Albanese Lein Method

• Magnesium-Uranyl Method

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16
Q

• Principle:
• Sodium is made to react with zinc uranyl acetate to produce a sodium uranyl acetate precipitate

• Precipitate is mixed with water and a yellow solution is formed which is then measured spectrophotometrically

A

Albanese Lein Method

17
Q

Albanese Lein Method
• Principle:
• Sodium is made to react with_____ to produce a______

• Precipitate is mixed with water and a____(color) solution is formed which is then measured spectrophotometrically

A

zinc uranyl acetate; sodium uranyl acetate precipitate

yellow

18
Q

Chemical Method

• Principle:
• Sodium is precipitated with magnesium-uranyl acetate; the uranyl ions remaining in suspension from a yellow-brown complex with thioglycolic acid
• The difference between reagent blank and analysis is proportional to the sodium concentration
• Protein precipitant: Uranyl acetate and magnesium acetate

A

Magnesium-Uranyl Method

19
Q

Chemical Method
• Magnesium-Uranyl Method
• Principle:
• Sodium is precipitated with________; the uranyl ions remaining in suspension from a_____(color) complex with______

• The difference between reagent blank and analysis is proportional to the sodium concentration

• Protein precipitant: ______ and _____

A

magnesium-uranyl acetate; yellow-brown; thioglycolic acid

Uranyl acetate and magnesium acetate

20
Q

2 electrodes in ISE (glass ion exchange membrane)

A

Constant potential
Measuring electrode

21
Q

Internal reference electrode

A

Constant potential

22
Q

Schematic diagram of the ion-selective electrode system for the potentiometric slide on the Vitros. (Courtesy of OCD, a Johnson & Johnson company, Rochester, NY.)

A
  1. Upper slide mount
  2. Paper bridge
  3. Ion-selective membrane
    • Metnyl monensin
  4. Reference layer
    • NaCl
    • Buffer at pH 5.6
  5. Silver, silver chloride layer
  6. Support layer
  7. Lower slide mount
23
Q

SOURCES OF ASSAY ERROR in SODIUM

A

• SLIGHT HEMOLYSIS VS. MARKED HEMOLYSIS
• HYPERPROTEINEMIA
• HYPERLIPIDEMIA
• DIRECT ISE VS. INDIRECT ISE

24
Q

Agappe RR

Serum Plasma :

A

128 - 160 mmol/L

25
Q

Linearity
This reagent is linear upto

A

200 mmol/L

26
Q

Factor

A

150

27
Q

Hemolysis

A

Decrease

28
Q

Precipitating reagent

A

R1

29
Q

Coloring reagent

A

R2

30
Q

Mode of Reaction

A

End point

31
Q

Slope of Reaction

A

Slope of reaction

32
Q

Wavelength

A

546

33
Q

Temperature

A

30C

34
Q

Standard Concentration

A

150 mmol/L

35
Q

Linearity

A

200 mmol/L

36
Q

Blank

A

Reagent

37
Q

Incubation time

A

5 mins

38
Q

Sample vol

A

10 uL

CC 2 LAB (30 decks)

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