Socy Final exam

Question 1

three types of societies

Answer 1

Egalitarian, Rank, Stratified

Question 2

Egalitarian

Answer 2

no individual or group has appreciably more wealth, power, or prestige than any other.

Question 3

Rank

Answer 3

unequal access to prestige or status but not unequal access to wealth or power.

Question 4

Stratified Societies

Answer 4

considerable inequality in all forms of social rewards (power, wealth, prestige).

Question 5

Class systems

Answer 5

an individual can change his or her social position dramatically within a lifetime. based on achieved status.

Question 6

Caste societies

Answer 6

have no social mobility; membership in a caste is determined by birth and lasts throughout ones lifetime. based on ascribed status.

Question 7

Class structure in U.S.

Answer 7

Upper class- 5% of population
Upper-Middle & Average Middle- 40-45%
Working class & Lower-Middle class- 30-35%
Lower class- 20%

Question 8

Hindu caste system

Answer 8

social boundaries are strictly maintained by caste endogamy and notions of ritual purity and pollution.

Question 9

Varnas

Answer 9

caste groups in hindu india associated with certain occupations.

Question 10

Dalit

Answer 10

politically correct term for those formerly called the untouchables in india; the lowest caste

Question 11

Jati

Answer 11

local subcastes found in hindu india

Question 12

Sanskritization

Answer 12

a form of upward social mobility found in contemporary india whereby people born into lower castes can achieve higher status by taking some of the behaviors and practices of the highest caste.

Question 13

Functionalist theory

Answer 13

Class systems contribute to the well-being of a society by encouraging constructive endeavors.

Question 14

Conflict theory

Answer 14

Stratification systems exist because the upper classes strive to maintain a superior position at the expense of the lower classes.

Question 15

Absolute poverty

Answer 15

exists when people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life. live on less that $365 a year

Question 16

Relative poverty

Answer 16

the definition of poverty in the U.S. exists when people may be able to afford basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living.

Question 17

Extreme poverty

Answer 17

is defined as living on less than $275 a year or .75 cents a day.

Question 18

Multidimensional poverty index (MPI)

Answer 18

measured with three dimensions:

• Living standards
• Education
• Health

Question 19

Ethnic group

Answer 19

a group of people who share many of the same cultural traits.

Question 20

Cultural traits include:

Answer 20

• religion, dietary practices, language, humor, clothing, cultural heritage, folklore, national origin.

Question 21

Biology

Answer 21

Race is thought of as a genetically distinct subpopulation of given species.

Question 22

Social construction

Answer 22

divisions of people based on certain physical characteristics.

Question 23

Minorities that out weight the majority

Answer 23

1) California
2) New mexico
3. ) Hawii
4) Texas

Question 24

what percentage of the worlds women are poor?

Answer 24

70%

Question 25

what are the causes of hunger/ poverty?

Answer 25

1) Harmful economic systems
2) Conflict
3) Hunger is a cause of poverty, and thus of hunger.
4) Climate change