Socy ch.3 Flashcards
Theory
is a statement that suggests a relationship among phenomena
Theories
reduce reality to an abstract set of principles.
- generate hypotheses to be tested.
Evolutionism
all cultures pass through the same developmental stages in the same order.
Diffusionism
societies change as a result of cultures borrowing from one another.
Functionalism
Social stratification exists bc contributes to overall societys well-being.
Social stratification
a system of society that ranks categories of ppl in a hierarchy
Society
biological organism w/ many interconnected parts; indispensable functions w/o which the society could not continue.
Cultural Ecology
Socio-cultural adaption is achieved through the interaction of a human population with its environment.
Culteral materialism
holds that cultural systems are most influenced by such material tings as natural resources and technology.
Social Structure
arrangement of systems by which people in a society interact and are able to live together.
Structuralism
based on binary oppositions, that holds that cultures are the product of unconscious processes of the human mind.
Phenomenology
consciousness is always conscious of something, and that picture as a whole cannot be separated from the object or the subject, but is the relationship b/w them.
Ethnographic Interview
much broader in scope bc it elicits info on the entire culture.
- used in conjunction with other data gathering techniques.
Unstructured Interviews
the interviewer asks open-ended questions and allows interviewees to respond at their own pace in their own words.
Structured Interviews
the interviewer asks all informants the same questions, in the same sequence, and under the same set of conditions.
