Socy ch.1

Question 1

What is Anthropology?

Answer 1

study of people

• their origins
• their development and contemporary variations.
• wherever and whenever they have been found

Question 2

Applied Anthropology

Answer 2

Charachterized by problem-oriented research among the worlds contemporary populations.

Question 3

Applied Perspective

Answer 3

understanding culturally-different people enables us to meet our own personal and professional objectives.

Question 4

Biological Anthropology

Answer 4

study of human origins and biological diversity

Question 5

Paleoanthropology

Answer 5

most visible of

- uses techniques of comparative anatomy to determne the humanity of fossil remains

Question 6

Primatology

Answer 6

study of anatomy and social behavior of nonhuman primate species

Question 7

Artifacts

Answer 7

Ex: tools, arrowheads

Question 8

Features

Answer 8

Ex: foundations and fireplaces

Question 9

Ecofacts

Answer 9

Ex: bones, seeds, and wood

Question 10

Historic archaeologists

Answer 10

reconstruct the cultures of people who used writing and about whom historical documents have been written.

Question 11

Prehistoric archaeologists

Answer 11

study the human record of cultures that existed before the development of writing.

Question 12

Cultural resource management

Answer 12

Applied archaeology that involves high-quality research and data preservation before sites are disturbed or destroyed.

Question 13

Historical linguistics

Answer 13

study of emergence of language and how specific languages have deviated from the original language over time.

Question 14

Descriptive linguistics

Answer 14

study of sound systems, grammatical systems, and the meanings attached to words in specific languages.

Question 15

Ethnolinguistics

Answer 15

study of he relationship between language a culture

Question 16

Sociolinguistics

Answer 16

study of the relationship between language and social relations.

Question 17

Holism

Answer 17

viewing a culture as a whole integrated cultural system. to interprut the way a culture is structured and functions.

Question 18

Ethnocentrism

Answer 18

the belief that one’s own culture is superior to all others

Question 19

Cultural Relativism

Answer 19

the idea that cultural traits are best understood when viewed w/in the cultural context of which they are a part

Question 20

Emic view

Answer 20

“insider’s view” the anthropologist brings the perspective of the local people to the project.

Question 21

Etic view

Answer 21

“Outsider’s view” anthropologists use their own categories and concepts to describe the culture under analysis

Question 22

Ethnography

Answer 22

Descriptive

• based on direct fieldwork
• focuses on a single culture or subculture

Question 22

Applied linguistics

Answer 22

study that identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.

Question 23

Ethnology

Answer 23

Comparative

• based on data collected by other ethnographers.
• generalizes across cultures or subcultures.