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Developmental Psychology > Socioemotional development in Infancy > Flashcards

Socioemotional development in Infancy Flashcards

1
Q

feeling or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his or her well-being.

a. feelings
b. emotion
c. emotional
d. affection

A

emotion

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2
Q

present in humans and animals and emerge early in life

a. primary feelings
b. secondary emotions
c. secondary feelings
d. primary emotions

A

primary emotions

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3
Q

require self-awareness that involves consciousness and a sense of “me”

a. self-awareness emotions
b. self-esteem
c. self-worth feelings
d. self-conscious emotions

A

self-conscious emotions

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4
Q

the most important mechanism newborns have for communicating with their world

a. crying
b. playing
c. smiling
d. laughing

A

crying

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5
Q

a rhythmic pattern that consists of a cry, followed by silence, a shorter whistle, rest before the next cry

a. basic cry
b. anger cry
c. pain cry

A

Basic cry

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6
Q

a variation of basic cry in which more excess air is forced through the vocal cords

a. basic cry
b. anger cry
c. pain cry

A

Anger cry

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7
Q

sudden long, initial loud cry followed by breath holding

a. basic cry
b. anger cry
c. pain cry

A

pain cry

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8
Q

a key social signal and a very important aspect of positive social interaction in developing a new social skill

a. crying
b. playing
c. smiling
d. laughing

A

smiling

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9
Q

a smile that does not occur in response to external stimuli. It appears during the first month after birth, usually during sleep.

a. reflexing smile
b. social smile

A

reflexive smile

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10
Q

a smile that occurs in response to an external stimulus; occurs as early as 2 months of age

a. reflexing smile
b. social smile

A

social smile

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11
Q

one of a baby’s earliest emotions; occurs at 6 months and peaks at 18 months

a. Fear
b. anxiety
c. separation protest
d. Stranger anxiety

A

Fear

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12
Q

infant shows a fear and wariness of strangers

a. Fear
b. anxiety
c. separation protest
d. Stranger anxiety

A

stranger anxiety

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13
Q

an infant’s distressed crying when the caregiver leaves.

a. Fear
b. anxiety
c. separation protest
d. Stranger anxiety

A

separation protest

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14
Q

Involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding

a. trait
b. personality
c. temperament
d. characteristic

A

Temperament

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15
Q

a child who is generally on a positive mood, quickly establishes general routines and adapts easily to new experiences

a. Easy child
b. difficult child
c. slow-to-warm-up child

A

easy child

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16
Q

a child who tends to react negatively, and cry frequently, engages in irregular daily routines and is slow to accept change

a. Easy child
b. difficult child
c. slow-to-warm-up child

A

difficult child

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17
Q

a child who has a low activity level, is somewhat negative, and displays a low intensity of mood

a. Easy child
b. difficult child
c. slow-to-warm-up child

A

slow-to-warm-up child

18
Q

1st stage of Psychosocial development that refers to a situation when:

  • Infants learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner
  • If the infant is not well fed and kept warm on a consistent basis, mistrust develops
A

Trust vs. Mistrust

19
Q

Autonomy vs. shame & doubt refers to toddler’s?

a. resilience
b. independence
c. autonomy

A

independence

20
Q

2nd stage of Psychosocial development

A

autonomy vs. shame & doubt

21
Q
  • It’s important for parents to recognize the motivation of toddlers to do what they are capable of doing at their own pace
  • Infants feel pride in new accomplishments and want to do everything themselves.

a. shame
b. doubt
c. autonomy

A

autonomy

22
Q

consistently overprotecting children or criticizing small accidents (wetting, soiling, spilling, breaking) that children develop an excessive shame and doubt about their ability to control themselves and their world

a. autonomy
b. trust
c. shame and doubt
d. embarassment

A

shame & doubt

23
Q

Infants respond more positively to people than objects
at 2 to 3 months of age

Increases in imitative and reciprocal play between
18-24 months

a. face-to-face play
b. locomotion
c. social referencing
d. attachment

A

Face-to-face play

24
Q

Increased locomotion skills allow infants to explore and expand their social world

a. face-to-face play
b. locomotion
c. social referencing
d. attachment

A

locomotion

25
Q

“reading” emotional cues in others to determine how to act in a particular situation

a. face-to-face play
b. locomotion
c. social referencing
d. attachment

A

social referencing

26
Q

a close emotional bond between two people

a. face-to-face play
b. locomotion
c. social referencing
d. attachment

A

attachment

27
Q

infants become attached to the person that provides oral satisfaction

a. Freud
b. Harlow
c. Erikson
d. Bowlby

A

Freud

28
Q

contact comfort preferred over food; monkey experiment on attachment

a. Freud
b. Harlow
c. Erikson
d. Bowlby

A

Harlow

29
Q

trust arises from physical comfort and sensitive care

a. Freud
b. Harlow
c. Erikson
d. Bowlby

A

Erikson

30
Q

infants and their caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments

a. Freud
b. Harlow
c. Erikson
d. Bowlby

A

Bowlbly

31
Q

an observational measure of infant attachment that requires the infant to move through a series of introductions, separations and reunions with the caregiver and an adult stranger in a prescribed order

A

Strange situation

32
Q

babies who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment

a. securely attached babies
b. insecure avoidant babies
c. insecure resistant babies
d. insecure disorganized babies

A

securely attached babies

33
Q

babies who show insecurity by avoiding the caregiver. Leaning away or looking away

a. securely attached babies
b. insecure avoidant babies
c. insecure resistant babies
d. insecure disorganized babies

A

Insecure avoidant babies

34
Q

babies who often cling to the caregiver, then resist the caregiver by fighting against the closeness, perhaps by kicking or pushing away

a. securely attached babies
b. insecure avoidant babies
c. insecure resistant babies
d. insecure disorganized babies

A

Insecure resistant babies

35
Q

babies who show insecurity by being disorganized and disoriented. Confused and fearful

a. securely attached babies
b. insecure avoidant babies
c. insecure resistant babies
d. insecure disorganized babies

A

Insecure disorganized babies

36
Q

The proponent of “Strange Situation”

A

Mary Ainsworth

37
Q

Strange situation is composed of how many stages?

A

Eight stages

38
Q

a type of attachment, that refers to a baby who shows distress when separated from mother; avoidant of stranger, unless accompanied by mother; happy to see mother after separation

a. secure attachment
b. ambivalent attachment
c. avoidant attachment
d. disorganized attachment

A

secure attachment

39
Q

a type of attachment, that refers to a baby who shows intense distress when separated from mother; significant fear of stranger; approach mother but reject contact after separation

a. secure attachment
b. ambivalent attachment
c. avoidant attachment
d. disorganized attachment

A

ambivalent attachment

40
Q

a type of attachment, that refers to a baby who shows no interest when separated from mother; play happily with stranger; ignore mother after separation

a. secure attachment
b. ambivalent attachment
c. avoidant attachment
d. disorganized attachment

A

avoidant attachment

41
Q

a type of attachment that was added by Main and Solomon (1990), that refers to a baby who shows inconsistent attachment behaviors

a. secure attachment
b. ambivalent attachment
c. avoidant attachment
d. disorganized attachment

A

disorganized attachment

42
Q

differences in infants’ attachment styles are dependent on the mother’s behavior during a critical period of development.

A

Caregiver Sensitivity Hypothesis

Developmental Psychology (15 decks)

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