Biological Beginnings

Question 1

Best adapted in a species survive and reproduce

Answer 1

Natural Selection

Question 2

All organisms must adapt to particular places, climates, food sources, and ways of life.

• Infants attachment
• Eagle’s claws

Answer 2

Darwin: On the Origin of Species (1859)

Question 3

It Emphasizes adaptation, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behavior

Answer 3

Evolutionary Psychology

Question 4

E____ explains human physical features and behaviors

Answer 4

Evolution

Question 5

Evolution explains human p_____ and b______

Answer 5

Physical features & Behaviors

Question 6

Favors behaviors that increase reproductive successes– the ability to pass your genes to the next generation

Answer 6

Evolutionary Psychology

Question 7

thread-like structures composed of DNA molecules

Answer 7

Chromosomes

Question 8

double helix-shaped molecule

Answer 8

DNA

Question 9

units of hereditary information

Answer 9

Genes

Question 10

What are the 3 collaborative genes?

Answer 10

Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes

Question 11

A center of cell that contains chromosomes and genes

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

a segment of DNA (spiraled double chain) containing the hereditary code

Answer 12

Gene

Question 13

cell nucleus duplicates

Answer 13

Mitosis

Question 14

cell division forms gametes (Eggs, sperms)

Answer 14

Meiosis

Question 15

egg and sperm form zygote

Answer 15

Fertilization

Question 16

_ and _ chromosomes determine sex

Answer 16

X & Y

Question 17

monozygotic twins; a single zygote splits into 2 identical replicas

Answer 17

Identical twins

Question 18

dizygotic twins; 2 eggs are fertilized by different sperm creating 2 zygotes

Answer 18

Fraternal twins

Question 19

one gene of a pair always exert its effect

Answer 19

Dominant gene

Question 20

The gene that gets override a potential influence of the other gene

Answer 20

Recessive gene

Question 21

Gene linked abnormality of Down syndrome

Answer 21

2 copies of chromosome 21

Question 22

A sex linked abnormality that has XXY instead of XY

Answer 22

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 23

A sex linked abnormality that X in boys is fragile, breaks

Answer 23

Fragile X syndrome

Question 24

A sex linked abnormality that girls is XO instead of XX

Answer 24

Turner syndrome

Question 25

A sex linked abnormality that link to criminal males unproven

Answer 25

XXY syndrome

Question 26

A gene-linked abnormality that cannot utilize phenylalanine; treated by diet

Answer 26

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 27

A gene-linked abnormality that refers to red blood cells affected

Answer 27

Sickle-cell anemia

Question 28

A course of prenatal development that refers to the creation of fertilized egg; 1st two weeks

Answer 28

Germinal period

Question 29

A course of prenatal development that refers to the cell differentiation of embryo; 2-8 weeks

Answer 29

Embryonic period

Question 30

An embryonic period wherein the the digestive/respiratory systems are formed

Answer 30

Endoderm

Question 31

An embryonic period wherein the the nervous system and sensory receptors are formed

Answer 31

Ectoderm

Question 32

An embryonic period wherein the circulatory, bones, muscles, excretory and reproductive systems

Answer 32

Mesoderm

Question 33

organ formation

Answer 33

Organogenesis

Question 34

A course of prenatal development that lasts for 7 months, 3 trimesters; 2 months to birth

Answer 34

Fetal period

Question 35

new cells formed

Answer 35

Neurogenesis

Question 36

cell specialization

Answer 36

Neuronal migration

Question 37

What are the 6 Prenatal Diagnostic Tests?

Answer 37

1. Ultrasound sonography 2. Fetal MRI 3. Chorionic Villus sampling 4. Amniocentesis 5. Maternal blood screening 6. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)

Question 38

A prenatal diagnostic test that is better than ultrasound

Answer 38

Fetal MRI

Question 39

A prenatal diagnostic test that samples placenta

Answer 39

Chorionic villus sampling

Question 40

A prenatal diagnostic test that samples amniotic fluid

Answer 40

Amniocentesis

Question 41

A prenatal diagnostic test that has triple screen test

Answer 41

Maternal blood screening

Question 42

A prenatal diagnostic test that tests fetal cells (DNA) in mother’s blood

Answer 42

Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)

Question 43

``` Agents causing birth defects Severity of damage affected by - Dose - Genetic susceptibility - Time exposure ``` Prescription, nonprescription drugs

Answer 43

Teratogens

Question 44

FAS means?

Answer 44

Fetal Alcohol syndrome

Question 45

caffeine, cocaine, methamphetamines, marijuana, and heroin Alcohol and fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) Nicotine’s link to SIDS, ADHD, low birth weight Paternal smoking

Answer 45

Psychoactive drugs