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Developmental Psychology > Biological Beginnings > Flashcards

Biological Beginnings Flashcards

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1
Q

Best adapted in a species survive and reproduce

A

Natural Selection

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2
Q

All organisms must adapt to particular places, climates, food sources, and ways of life.

  • Infants attachment
  • Eagle’s claws
A

Darwin: On the Origin of Species (1859)

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3
Q

It Emphasizes adaptation, reproduction, and survival of the fittest in shaping behavior

A

Evolutionary Psychology

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4
Q

E____ explains human physical features and behaviors

A

Evolution

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5
Q

Evolution explains human p_____ and b______

A

Physical features & Behaviors

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6
Q

Favors behaviors that increase reproductive successes– the ability to pass your genes to the next generation

A

Evolutionary Psychology

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7
Q

thread-like structures composed of DNA molecules

A

Chromosomes

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8
Q

double helix-shaped molecule

A

DNA

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9
Q

units of hereditary information

A

Genes

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10
Q

What are the 3 collaborative genes?

A

Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes

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11
Q

A center of cell that contains chromosomes and genes

A

Nucleus

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12
Q

a segment of DNA (spiraled double chain) containing the hereditary code

A

Gene

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13
Q

cell nucleus duplicates

A

Mitosis

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14
Q

cell division forms gametes (Eggs, sperms)

A

Meiosis

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15
Q

egg and sperm form zygote

A

Fertilization

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16
Q

_ and _ chromosomes determine sex

A

X & Y

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17
Q

monozygotic twins; a single zygote splits into 2 identical replicas

A

Identical twins

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18
Q

dizygotic twins; 2 eggs are fertilized by different sperm creating 2 zygotes

A

Fraternal twins

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19
Q

one gene of a pair always exert its effect

A

Dominant gene

20
Q

The gene that gets override a potential influence of the other gene

A

Recessive gene

21
Q

Gene linked abnormality of Down syndrome

A

2 copies of chromosome 21

22
Q

A sex linked abnormality that has XXY instead of XY

A

Klinefelter syndrome

23
Q

A sex linked abnormality that X in boys is fragile, breaks

A

Fragile X syndrome

24
Q

A sex linked abnormality that girls is XO instead of XX

A

Turner syndrome

25
Q

A sex linked abnormality that link to criminal males unproven

A

XXY syndrome

26
Q

A gene-linked abnormality that cannot utilize phenylalanine; treated by diet

A

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

27
Q

A gene-linked abnormality that refers to red blood cells affected

A

Sickle-cell anemia

28
Q

A course of prenatal development that refers to the creation of fertilized egg; 1st two weeks

A

Germinal period

29
Q

A course of prenatal development that refers to the cell differentiation of embryo; 2-8 weeks

A

Embryonic period

30
Q

An embryonic period wherein the the digestive/respiratory systems are formed

A

Endoderm

31
Q

An embryonic period wherein the the nervous system and sensory receptors are formed

A

Ectoderm

32
Q

An embryonic period wherein the circulatory, bones, muscles, excretory and reproductive systems

A

Mesoderm

33
Q

organ formation

A

Organogenesis

34
Q

A course of prenatal development that lasts for 7 months, 3 trimesters; 2 months to birth

A

Fetal period

35
Q

new cells formed

A

Neurogenesis

36
Q

cell specialization

A

Neuronal migration

37
Q

What are the 6 Prenatal Diagnostic Tests?

A
  1. Ultrasound sonography
  2. Fetal MRI
  3. Chorionic Villus sampling
  4. Amniocentesis
  5. Maternal blood screening
  6. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)
38
Q

A prenatal diagnostic test that is better than ultrasound

A

Fetal MRI

39
Q

A prenatal diagnostic test that samples placenta

A

Chorionic villus sampling

40
Q

A prenatal diagnostic test that samples amniotic fluid

A

Amniocentesis

41
Q

A prenatal diagnostic test that has triple screen test

A

Maternal blood screening

42
Q

A prenatal diagnostic test that tests fetal cells (DNA) in mother’s blood

A

Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD)

43
Q 
Agents causing birth defects
Severity of damage affected by
- Dose
- Genetic susceptibility
- Time exposure

Prescription, nonprescription drugs

A

Teratogens

44
Q

FAS means?

A

Fetal Alcohol syndrome

45
Q

caffeine, cocaine, methamphetamines, marijuana, and heroin
Alcohol and fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
Nicotine’s link to SIDS, ADHD, low birth weight
Paternal smoking

A

Psychoactive drugs

Developmental Psychology (15 decks)

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