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Mid Tudor Crisis > Socio-economic problems > Flashcards

Socio-economic problems Flashcards

1
Q

What was enclosure

A

Practice of landlords putting a fence around land that was previously common land in order to make it private land

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2
Q

What was

Practice of landlords putting a fence around land that was previously common land in order to make it private land?

A

Enclosure

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3
Q

what was the use of common land historically?

A

Provided a useful source of wood and food

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4
Q

Where was enclosure common?

A

Areas where sheep farming was popular

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5
Q

What was happening in areas where sheep farming was common?

A

Enclosure was popular in these areas

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6
Q

What did Somerset do regarding the issue of enclosure

A

Established commissions under John Hales to investigate enclosure

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7
Q

When did Enclosure get really bad

A

1548-49

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8
Q

What happened between 1548-49

A

Enclosure got really bad

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9
Q

What was the role of John Hales?

A

Run commissions which was set up by Protector Somerset

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10
Q

Who refused to cooperate with Hales?

A

Landowners

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11
Q

How did landowners react to Hales

A

Refused to cooperate

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12
Q

What did Somerset issue to stop enclosure

A

Order several proclamations

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13
Q

From Hales report what did Somerset do?

A

Issued several proclamations

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14
Q

How much did Somerset spend on continuing Henrys wars

A

£1,356,000

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15
Q

Did Somerset spend £1,356,000 on

A

Continuing Henry’s wars

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16
Q

How much crown lands did Somerset sell?

A

£800,000

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17
Q

How did Somerset make £800,000

A

Selling crown lands

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18
Q

How much did Somerset make £50,000 a year?

A

Borrowing

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19
Q

How much did maintaining the royal household cost

A

£50,000

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20
Q

What did Somerset neeed £50,000 for

A

Maintaining the Royal household

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21
Q

Why was the financial crisis not Somerset fault

A

Financial crisis started from Henry

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22
Q

When did inflation start?

A

1500

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23
Q

When did inflation accelerate?

A

1540s

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24
Q

What was the inflation at 1546?

A

Prices were 150% higher than they had been in 1508

25
Q

What year was the inflation rate 150% since 1508?

A

1546

26
Q

What caused inflation?

A

Debasement of the coinage in order to fund wars with Scotland and France by Henry and Somerset

27
Q

What was the impact of debasing the coinage

A

Inflation

28
Q

What did the population increase mean

A

Increased demand for the same quantity of food

29
Q

What increased demand for food

A

Increased population

30
Q

What happened to the price of grain?

A

Increased faster than other commodities because large landowners found it more profitable to produce wool for European market rather than food for domestic consumption

31
Q

What was the size of the population in 1525

A

2.3 million

32
Q

What was the size of the population in 1551

A

3 million

33
Q

What was the population increase between 1525 to 1551

A

0.7 million

34
Q

How did the structure of the population change

A

More younger children were born

35
Q

What did the population having more children mean?

A

People who could not contribute to the production of food

36
Q

What did the rapid population growth and inflation lead to?

A

Increasing poverty as wages failed to keep up with the prices throughout the period

37
Q

How many failed harvests were there between 1547-58?

A

6

38
Q

Between which period were there 6 failed harvests?

A

1547-58

39
Q

Why did the dissolution of monasteries cause problems for the poor?

A

Previously provided relief to poor families for starving families

40
Q

What did a depression in the cloth trade lead to

A

Further unemployment

41
Q

What did landlords do to exacerbate the hard times

A

Passed on the effects of the economic hard times to the peasantry by rapidly increasing rents (rack renting)

42
Q

When did the vagrancy act happen

A

1547

43
Q

What did the rise in poverty cause

A

Increase in crime which made the government worry about public order

44
Q

What did the poor law of 1536 recognise

A

Able-bodied poor people are genuinely finding it hard to get a job

45
Q

What law recognised That it was actually hard to find a job

A

Poor law of 1536

46
Q

What did the Vagarancy Act of1547 paint the poor as?

A

Turned them into criminals

47
Q

What law turned the poor into criminals?

A

Vagrancy Act 1547

48
Q

What did the vagrancy Act state for unemployed people?

A

Any able-bodied person out of work for more than three days was to be branded with a V and sold into slavery for two years

49
Q

What did the Vagrancy act say for the children of the unemployed?

A

They could be taken away from their parents and sent to work as apprentices in useful occupations

50
Q

What was the reaction to the vagrancy act of 1547?

A

Very unpopular and many authorities refused to impose it

51
Q

What did the vagrancy act of 1547 propose for the disabled

A

Housing and collections

52
Q

When were the public order proclamations

A

1548

53
Q

What did the public order proclamations of 1548 show about the government?

A

They cared more for maintaining law and order rather than solving economic issues

54
Q

What was released in 1548

A

Public order proclamation

55
Q

Under the public proclamations of 1548, what became illegal?

A

Spread rumours

56
Q

Under what laws it made forbidden to spread rumours

A

Public order proclamations 1548

57
Q

What happened to people found guilty of any offences in the public order proclamations of 1548

A

They were sent to work rowing on galleys

58
Q

What did the public order proclamations of 1548 show about the population

A

Repressive laws show that government realised things were getting out of hand

Mid Tudor Crisis (10 decks)

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