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Mid Tudor Crisis > CHAPTER 3: Religion Under Edward > Flashcards

CHAPTER 3: Religion Under Edward Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Privy council under Somerset do to the Church of England?

A

Decided to review the state of the Church of England and introduced some moderate Protestant reforms

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2
Q

Who reviewed the state of the Church of England and introduced some moderate Protestant reforms?

A

Privy council under Somerset

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3
Q

Who oppose the review of the state of the Church of England under Somerset’s privy Council?

A

Conservatives

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4
Q

Who led the Conservative faction who opposed the review of the Church of England under Somerset Privy Council?

A

Gardiner

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5
Q

What did Gardiner do under the Privy council of Somerset?

A

the Conservative faction who opposed the review of the Church of England under Somerset Privy Council?

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6
Q

What did the conservatives who were against the review of the church England main argument?

A

Henry the eighth’s stated that no religious changes should be made until Edward reached the age of 18

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7
Q

What did Henry the eighth’s will stating that no religious changes should be made until Edward reached the age of 18 mean?

A

Gave Conservatives an argument against review of the church of England under Somerset privy council

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8
Q

Who was sent to visit all bishops In Alton 1547?

A

Royal commissioners

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9
Q

What did Royal commission is due in Autumn 1547?

A

Visit all of the bishops culminating in report that was completed in Autumn 1547

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10
Q

When was the Royal commissioners finish the report on all bishops

A

Autumn 1547

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11
Q

What was each parish forced to obtain

A

Cranmer book of Homilies

Earsmus’ Paraphrases

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12
Q

What was Cranmers book of Homilies?

A

Book containing Protestant Sermons for use in daily worship

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13
Q

What was Book containing Protestant Sermons for use in daily worship?

A

Cranmer book of Homilies

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14
Q

What was Erasmus’ Paraphrases?

A

Book containing Protestant religious phrases meanings and explanations of daily worship

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15
Q

What was Book containing Protestant religious phrases meanings and explanations of daily worship?

A

Erasmus’ Paraphrases

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16
Q

What happened in July 1547?

A

An injunction was issued

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17
Q

What did the 1547 injunction order?

A

Ordered for clergy to conduct their services in English
preach every sermon on a Sunday create a library of Protestant literature including an English Bible
encourage the laity to read these books and
Remove all superstitious statues and images from the churches

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18
Q

What was the Catholics opinions on the July1547 injunction?

A

Catholics wanted them reversed

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19
Q

What were the Protestant views. On the July 15 47 injunction

A

Protestants for the change was not happening fast enough

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20
Q

In the 1547 injunction, what caused widespread debate on religion?

A

Heresy, censorship laws and Henrican treasons were not enforced

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21
Q

What was the impact of not enforcing the Heresy, censorship laws and Henrican treasons In the July 15 47 injunction?

A

Caused widespread debate on religion

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22
Q

What did radical Protestants do after the injunction

A

Propaganda pamphlet Attacking bishops and the wealth of the church

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23
Q

What were the faults with the radical Protestants who lead a campaign against the bishops and the wealth of the church

A

Could not agree amongst themselves as the changes they wanted

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24
Q

Who launched campaigns of propaganda pamphlets attack in the bishops and the wealth of the church?

A

Radical Protestants

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25
Q

Where were radical Protestants located who led the Iconoclatic riots

A

London,
East Anglia
Lincolnshire

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26
Q

What happened in London, East Anglia, Lincolnshire?

A

Radical Protestants led the Iconoclastic riots

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27
Q

What happens during the Iconoclatic Riots?

A

Destroyed stained-glass windows, statues and images

In some cases gold and silver candlesticks and other church goods were sold and the money was given to the poor

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28
Q

Who organised and led a lot of the riots

A

Protestant refugees rather than English people selves

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29
Q

Who oppose the riots

A

Conservative bishops

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30
Q

What happened when Bishop Bonner protested

A

He was imprisoned for two months

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31
Q

Who was imprisoned for two months after protesting?

A

Bishop Bonner

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32
Q

What happened in November 1547?

A

Passed the Chantries Act

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33
Q

When was the Chantries act passed?

A

November 15 47

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34
Q

What did the chantries act mean?

A

Chantries was shut down due to this superstition. In reality they were shut down to raise money for war with France and Scotland rather than any religious motive

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35
Q

What was the true meaning of the chantries act

A

Raise money for always Scotland and France instead of religious motives

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36
Q

What did Parliament also pass on November 15 47

A

Treason Act

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37
Q

What did the treason act passed on the Somerset enable

A

Repealed Henrican heresy and censorship laws giving people freedom to discuss religious matters

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38
Q

What happened in January 15 48

A

Privy council issued proclamations that supported catholic transubstantiation whilst also speeding up the removal of catholic images from churches

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39
Q

When did Privy council issued proclamations that supported catholic transubstantiation whilst also speeding up the removal of catholic images from churches

A

January 15 48

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40
Q

What did the proclamation ordered by the privy council in January 15 40 say?

A

Privy council issued proclamations that supported catholic transubstantiation whilst also speeding up the removal of catholic images from churches

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41
Q

What was the impact of the proclamations ordered by the privy council in January 15 48

A

The aim was to try and calm things down but in reality this led to more confusion and anger from both of reformers and Conservatives

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42
Q

What happened in September 15 48

A

The privy council band or public preaching to try and end of debate on religion

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43
Q

When did the privy council ban public preaching?

A

September 15 48

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44
Q

What was the impact of the privy council banning all public preaching in September 15 48

A

And the debate on religion

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45
Q

When was the first act of uniformity

A

1549

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46
Q

What happened in 1549

A

First act of uniformity

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47
Q

What did the first act of uniformity allow

A

Enforced Several Protestant practices

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48
Q

What were the Protestant regiments enforced in the first act of Uniformity?

A

Services were now in English
Protestant sacraments only
communion in both kinds
Ban on singing masses for the soul of the dead

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49
Q

What catholic traditions were kept in the first act of uniformity in 1549?

A

Fast days
Holy days
traditional robes and vestments for priest
Eucharist still defined in the Catholic terms of transubstantiation

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50
Q

What was in forced and contained both Lutheran and catholic beliefs

A

Cranmers book of common prayer

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51
Q

What was The impact of enforcing Cranmers book of common prayer

A

Western rebellion

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52
Q

What did the privy council believe that the impact of the first act of uniformity in 1549 would be

A

They believe that it will satisfy both reformers and conservatories but in reality anger and confusion

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53
Q

Where were their opposition

A

Cornwall
Devon
Dorset
Yorkshire

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54
Q

What was their opinion in Cornwall, Devon, Dorset and Yorkshire?

A

Opposition

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55
Q

What was the opinion of most of the country excluding the parts that showed opposition?

A

Most of the country showed conformity

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56
Q

When was there a proclamation in Saying that all images should be destroyed

A

December 15 49

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57
Q

What happened in December 15 49

A

Proclamation saying that all images should be destroyed

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58
Q

What was the problem with the 3rd proclamation in December 1549 to destroy all images?

A

3 times showing that it had not been embraced

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59
Q

How many times were there proclamations to destroy all images under Somerset and what was the impact?

A

3 times and showed that Protestant reform had not been embraced by the peasants

60
Q

What did Northumberland do during his rise to power

A

Allied himself with reformers and drove out the conservatives

61
Q

Who allied themselves with reformers and drove out conservatives?

A

Northumberland

62
Q

Who did Northumberland replace Bonner with?

A

Enthusiastic reformer Ridley

63
Q

What did Northumberland do to Gardiner?

A

Placed into strict confinement in the Tower of London

64
Q

Who did Northumberland placed in strict confinement in the Tower of London?

A

Gardiner

65
Q

Whose position did Northumberland place instead of Bonner?

A

Ridley

66
Q

Who were active reformers appointed as during the rise of Northumberland?

A

Bishop of Rochester, Norwich, Exeter and Durham

67
Q

What happened to the Bishop of Rochester, Durham, Norwich and Exeter?

A

Replaced with reformers

68
Q

What happened to the conservatives after Northumberland’s rise to power?

A

Little ability to resist but pro catholic pamphlets circulated

69
Q

Who initiated the move towards radical Protestantism?

A

Initiated by Ridley in London

70
Q

Where did Ridley make the first move towards radical Protestantism?

A

London

71
Q

What did Ridley do in London?

A

Initiated the first move towards radical Protestantism by ordering all altars to be removed and replaced with communion tables.

72
Q

Was Ridleys order of removing altars in London followed?

A

Some areas followed whilst other didn’t depending on the attitude of the ruling elite and clergy

73
Q

What did Ridley want the altar to be replaced with?

A

Communion table

74
Q

What is ordination?

A

Ceremony priests go through to get their power

75
Q

What is the Ceremony priests go through to get their power?

A

Ordination

76
Q

What happened after a priest Is ordained?

A

Can serve their parish

77
Q

What happened to the new form of ordination?

A

Wording changed to mirror Protestant beliefs

78
Q

What did the new form of Ordination remove?

A

References to sacrifice, purgatory and prayers for the soul of the dead

79
Q

Who was not satisfied by the new form of ordination?

A

Extreme reformers as all 16 ceremonial vestments priest wore remained

80
Q

What was the impact of keeping the 16 vestments that priests wore in the new form of ordination?

A

Caused the extreme reformers not to be satisfied

81
Q

Who lead a campaign against Catholic vestments?

A

John Hooped

82
Q

What did John Hoped do?

A

Led a campaign of preaching against catholic vestments

83
Q

What happened in October 1550 to John Hooped?

A

Ordered to stop preaching against catholic vestments

84
Q

When was John Hooped told you stop preaching?

A

October 1550

85
Q

What happened to John Hooped in January 1551?

A

Imprisoned for failing to comply when they told him to stop preaching

86
Q

When was Hooped arrested for preaching about catholic vestments?

A

January 1551

87
Q

What happened to Hooped after he was arrested?

A

Compromise was reached

88
Q

What position did Hooped become?

A

Bishop of Gloucester

89
Q

What did Hooped do in the position of Bishop of Gloucester

A

Enacted extreme reform

90
Q

What did Hopper find in Gloucester?

A

Found that out of 311 clergy
Only 10 could recite the Lord’s Prayer
171 did not know the 10 commandments

91
Q

Who found out that Found that out of 311 clergy, Only 10 could recite the Lord’s Prayer, 171 did not know the 10 commandments?

A

John Hopped

92
Q

What did John Hopped discover of Found that out of 311 clergy
Only 10 could recite the Lord’s Prayer
171 did not know the 10 commandments in Gloucester find out?

A

Local clergy was not embracing Protestantism

93
Q

What did Northumberland plan to do in February 1551?

A

Further reform by attacking the remaining conservative bishops

94
Q

When did Northumberland plan to attack the remaining conservative bishops?

A

February 1551

95
Q

When did Northumberland do in February 1551?

A

Attacked conservative bishops

96
Q

What happened to Gardiner on 1551?

A

Removed from his diocese in Winchester

97
Q

Who was Removed from his diocese in Winchester?

A

Gardiner

98
Q

What did Northumberland do in October 1551?

A

Appointed reformers into Worcester and Chichester

99
Q

When did Northumberland appoint reformers into Worcester and Chichester?

A

October 1551

100
Q

Why did Northumberland appoint reformers in Worcester and Chichester in October 15 51?

A

Allowed a reformist majority to support any changes

101
Q

What was passed in January 1552 Parliament?

A

A new treason act making it an offence to question royal supremacy or any of the articles of faith in the English church

102
Q

When was a new treason act passed, making it an offence to question Royal Supremecy or any articles of faith in English church?

A

January 15 52 in parliament

103
Q

What happened to the Holy days in the Parliament of January 15 52?

A

Limited to the number of Holy days to 25

104
Q

When were the Holy days limited to 25

A

Parliament of January 15 52

105
Q

What was limited to 25 in the. January 1552 Parliament?

A

Holy days

106
Q

When was the second act of uniformity?

A

March 15 52

107
Q

What happened in March 15 52?

A

Second act of uniformity

108
Q

What became an offence in the second act of uniformity of March 15 52

A

It became an offence to not attend the Church of England services and offenders would be fined and imprisoned

109
Q

When did it become an offence to not attend the Church of England services

A

March 15 52 in the second act of uniformity

110
Q

In the second act of uniformity, what happened to people who didn’t attend the Church of England services?

A

They would be fined and imprisoned

111
Q

In the second act of uniformity in March 15 52, what book became the official basis of the church service?

A

Cranmers new book of common prayer

112
Q

In the The conduct of uniformity in March 15 52, what happened to Cranmers new book of common prayer

A

Became the official basis of the Church services

113
Q

When did Cranmer new book of common prayer becomes official basis of the church service?

A

March 15 52

114
Q

What was removed in the second act of uniformity in March 15 52?

A

All traces of Catholicism and the mass had been removed and the Eucharist is clearly defined in terms of consubstantiation

115
Q

In second act of uniformity of March 1552, what happened to mass and Catholicism?

A

Removed

116
Q

In the 1552 second act of uniformity what happened to the Eucharist?

A

Defined as consubstantiation which was a opposing transubstantiation

117
Q

Who disapproved of the second act of uniformity in March 15 52

A

John Knox

Hooper

118
Q

How did Hooper and John Knox feel about the second act of uniformity in March 1552?

A

Disapproved

119
Q

Why did extreme reformists disapprove of the second act of uniformity?

A

People receiving Eucharist still had to kneel and this was considered idolatrous

120
Q

What was the issue with People receiving Eucharist still had to kneel?

A

this was considered idolatrous

121
Q

What did Northumberland launch in 1552

A

Survey on the wall for bishops and clergy with parishes worth more than £350

122
Q

What did Northumberland report in 1552 On the wealth of bishops in clergy with parishes worth more than £350 find

A

The land had a total value of £1,087,000

123
Q

What did Northumberland report in 1552 lead to?

A

That some of the wealth of the bishops in the clergy with parishes should be transferred to the crown. Though this was not completed before Edward has death and it was unclear whether there was any religious motivation or whether it was simply about money

124
Q

What does commissioners begin to do to the churches

A

Remove all gold and silver plates

125
Q

When commissioners began to remove all gold and silver plate from churches how far developed was this?

A

This process was in its infancy when the king died

126
Q

What did act 42 articles finalise

A

Confirmed Protestantism throughout every facet of church doctrine

127
Q

What is confirmed Protestantism fruit every facet of church doctrine

A

Act of 42 articles

128
Q

Why was the act of 42 articles not implemented?

A

Edward died before It could become a law

129
Q

When Mary came to the throne how was the church?

A

Completely Protestant

130
Q

When Mary came to the church, What happened to the doctrines of the church?

A

Revolutionised They are the administrator structure remains unchanged

131
Q

When Mary came to the throne, how was the administrative structure of the church

A

Remained unchanged

132
Q

What was the response of the Landed elites to Edwards Protestant changes

A

Embraced these changes

133
Q

Who embrace the changes that Edward made to the church

A

Landed elites

134
Q

Whose response to Edwards religious changes were ambiguous

A

Common people

135
Q

What was the response of the common people to Edwards religious changes

A

Ambiguous

136
Q

What did churchwarden accounts show

A

Physical changes towards Protestantism had been largely made

137
Q

What should the physical changes towards Protestantism was largely made?

A

Churchwarden accounts

138
Q

What percentage of Kentish wills were Protestant

A

8% in 1549

139
Q

In what area was 8% of Wills Protestant

A

Kent in 1549

140
Q

What percentage of Suffolk wheels were Protestant in 1549

A

27%

141
Q

In what area were 27% of Wills Protestant

A

Suffolk

142
Q

How many wills in York were Protestant?

A

2%

143
Q

In what area were 2% of wills Protestant?

A

York

144
Q

How many wills in the south-west were Protestant

A

1%

145
Q

In what area will 1% of Wills Protestant

A

South-west

146
Q

What was the reason as to why Mary was able to restore Catholicism without too much difficulty

A

Protestant reform didn’t influence a lot of people

147
Q

Why can the wills not be used as evidence for everyone being catholic

A

The will would be written by one person and this would often be the view of one person who would write wills for the whole area rather than the deceased themselves

Mid Tudor Crisis (10 decks)

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