Socialization Flashcards
What were the results of the study done by Ji on the prediction of future trends based on age and ethnicity? (3)
- Both predicted equal change at 7. 2. Chinese predicted more change than Canadians at 9. 3. At 11, there was a greater difference.
Describe the results of the study done by Joan Miller on the coding of American and Hindu adults attributions about deviant behavior (3).
- Americans Adults made more dispositional attributes (fundamental attribution error). 2. Americans made more dispositional attributions over time. 3. Young children across cultures show a holistic way of thinking, rather than analytical.
What are sensitive periods?
Periods that are optimal for the acquisition of a particular kind of skill.
Describe the results of the study done by Werker and Tees on sensitive periods involving hearing Hindu consonants (2)
- By age 1, infants could no longer distinguish the Hindu consonants. 2. At around 6-8 months, 90% could distinguish them.
Describe the results of the study done by Kim, Relkin, & Lee on the neuroimaging study involving early and late bilingual speakers. Where were the locations? (3)
- Late bilingual speakers had a greater distance between the two areas for the languages. 2. Early speakers used the same brain area. 3. In Broca’s area.
Describe the results of the study done by Minoura on Japanese children who came to the US because their fathers were assigned here and the coding of their interviews (3).
- Children younger than 9 were more acculturated. 2. Hardly anyone above 9 reached level 4/5 of acculturation. 3. Children before age 9 may not have attained meaning system and can switch between the two.
Describe the results of the study done by Chung, Chudek, & Heine on age of immigration and years spent in Canada on identification with Canadian culture (2).
- Early life immigrate who spent more time in Canada were more acculturated. 2. Time spent didn’t predict acculturation in later life immigrants.
Describe the moral principles underlying Indian sleeping arrangements (4).
- Protection of the vulnerable. 2. Female Chastity anxiety. 3. Respect for hierarchy. 4. Incest avoidance.
Describe the moral principles underlying American sleeping arrangements (3).
- Incest avoidance. 2. Sacred couple. 3. Autonomy ideal.
Describe the results of the first study done by Qi Wang on college students’ earliest childhood memory (2).
- US had greater memory volume, specificity, and autonomous orientation. 2. Chinese students had more self-other orientation.
Describe the results of the second study done by Qi Wang mother-child conversations (2).
- US had more narrative volume, elaborations of narrative, autonomous interactions. 2. Chinese had more didactic talk (moral standards).
Describe the result of the study done by Fernald and Morikawa on maternal speech and the use of nouns vs. verbs. (2)
- Noun labels are more common in U.S. 2. Emphasis on Social routines are more common in Japan.
What two factors may explain the noun bias?
- Different words may be more salient in different languages. In some languages, nouns are dropped. 2. Asian parents are likely to describe the relationship between objects while Westerners are more analytical.
What may be the age that the sensitive period for culture ends?
Around age 15.
Describe the difference in mother-baby contact between Europeans and other cultures.
Many other cultures have more contact with their babies.
