Acculturation

Question 1

What is the first stage people can experience when moving to a new country?

Answer 1

Honeymoon (1-6 months).

Question 2

What is the second stage people can experience when moving to a new country?

Answer 2

Crisis or Culture Shock (6-8 months).

Question 3

What is the third stage people can experience when moving to a new country?

Answer 3

Adjustment (18+ months).

Question 4

What is the honeymoon stage?

Answer 4

Fascination, elation, and optimism. Tend to be content with the novelty of things and get pleasure out of superficial contacts.

Question 5

What is the crisis or culture shock stage?

Answer 5

Anxiety, helplessness, and irritability that one experiences upon moving to a culture that is very different from one’s own.

Question 6

What is the adjustment stage?

Answer 6

A recovery staged characterized by increased language knowledge and ability to function in the new culture.

Question 7

What is one societal factor that affects how people adjust to a new culture?

Answer 7

Homogeneity of the society. E.g. there are few immigrants in Japan and many in the U.S.

Question 8

Describe the result of the study done by Hsiao-Ying on foreign residents in Japan and their attitude towards Japan and length of stay.

Answer 8

Showed L-Curve. Had honeymoon then crisis stage.

Question 9

People moving to more homogeneous cultures tend to show what kind of curve?

Answer 9

An L-shaped curve.

Question 10

Describe the results of the study done by Babiker and Colleagues on international students at Edinburgh University and cultural distance index and measure of adjustment (2).

Answer 10

1. Positive correlation between cultural distance and anxiety and number of medical consultations. 2. No correlation with academic performance.

Question 11

Describe the study done by No and Colleagues on identification with ethnic culture when given a existentialist or social constructionist view of race (2).

Answer 11

1. Those given social construct view of race were more likely to identify with American culture. 2. No effect on identification with ethnic culture either way.

Question 12

What is it called when people have a positive attitude towards host culture and a positive view towards their heritage?

Answer 12

Integration.

Question 13

What is it called when people have a negative attitude towards host culture and a positive view towards their heritage?

Answer 13

Separation.

Question 14

What is it called when people have a positive attitude towards host culture and a negative view towards their heritage?

Answer 14

Assimilation.

Question 15

What is it called when people have a negative attitude towards host culture and a negative view towards their heritage?

Answer 15

Marginalization.

Question 16

What is the most adaptive (least stressful) strategy?

Answer 16

Integration.

Question 17

What is the least adaptive (Most stressful) strategy?

Answer 17

Marginalization.

Question 18

What is it called when a person of the host culture seeks relationships among groups and wants the maintenance of heritage cultures?

Answer 18

Multiculturalism.

Question 19

What is it called when a person of the host culture does not seek relationships among groups, but wants the maintenance of heritage cultures?

Answer 19

Segregation.

Question 20

What is it called when a person of the host culture seeks relationships among groups, but does not want the maintenance of heritage cultures?

Answer 20

Melting pot.

Question 21

What is it called when a person of the host culture doesn’t seek relationships among groups and doesn’t want the maintenance of heritage cultures?

Answer 21

Exclusion.

Question 22

Describe the results of the study done by Plaut and Colleagues on white’s color blindness and multiculturalism ratings and minority’s psychological engagement (2).

Answer 22

1. There is a negative correlation between white’s color blindness and psychological engagement. 2. There’s a positive correlation between white’s multiculturalism and minority’s psychological engagement.

Question 23

Describe the results of the first study done by Heine and Lehman on Japanese students in Canada and Canadian English teachers in Japan and change in self-esteem (2).

Answer 23

1. Japanese in Canada increased in self-esteem. 2. Self-esteem decreased for English teachers who went to Japan.

Question 24

Describe the results of the second study done by Heine and Lehman on 7 different groups (differ in terms of how long they have been in the new culture) and levels of self-esteem (2).

Answer 24

1. Japanese do not acculturate to the self-esteem of a Canadian until the 3rd generation. 2. Supports Blending model.

Question 25

Describe the results of the study done by Hong and colleagues on cultural icons (priming) and attribution of fish behavior (internal vs. external attributions) (2).

Answer 25

1. Chinese priming led to greater confidence in making external attributions. 2. American priming led to least confidence in external attributions.

Question 26

What is a compatible bicultural identity?

Answer 26

Integrate both identities and switch identities based on context.

Question 27

What is an oppositional bicultural identity?

Answer 27

Perceive two distinct cultural identities.

Question 28

Describe the results of the study done by Benet-Martinex and colleges on cultural icons (priming) and bicultural identity integration and the attribution of fish behavior (3).

Answer 28

1. Compatible biculturals with Chinese priming made more external attributions. 2. No significant difference within oppositional biculturals depending on prime. 3. Less external attributions in Chinese prime when oppositonal biculturals.

Question 29

Describe the implications of the study done by Gardner and colleagues on the pronoun-circling task and the endorsement of individualistic and collectivist values.

Answer 29

Monocultural people frame-shift for the collectivist priming.

Question 30

When is one's level of extroversion related to increased ease of acculturation?

Answer 30

When the country is more extroverted.

Question 31

Do people who immigrate to the United States also pick up physical problems such as obesity and heart disease over time?

Answer 31

Yes.

Question 32

Describe the results of the study exploring stereotype threat in Native Americans when given a stereotypical portrayal of Native Americans.

Answer 32

When given a stereotypical portrayal of Native Americans, they felt less self-confident.

Question 33

What is promotion orientation?

Answer 33

Trying to achieve a positive outcome.

Question 34

What is prevention orientation?

Answer 34

Trying to avoid a loss.

Question 35

Are Chinese people more likely to have a promotion or a prevention orientation?

Answer 35

Prevention Orientation.

Question 36

What is integrative complexity?

Answer 36

A willingness and ability to acknowledge and consider different viewpoints on the same issue.

Question 37

Do people who are more multicultural show more integrative complexity?

Answer 37

Yes.