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End of yr exams - yr 10 > Social studies - 2 > Flashcards

Social studies - 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Define climate?

A

Long term pattern of weather in a particular area

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2
Q

Define weather?

A

State of atmosphere

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3
Q

Define latitude?

A

Measurement of distance north or south of equator

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4
Q

Define altitude?

A

The height of an object or structure above a reference level, usually above sea level or the Earth’s surface.

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5
Q

What is relief rainfall?

A

Relief or orographic rainfall is formed when air is forced to cool when it rises over hills or mountains. As it rises it cools, condenses and forms rain.

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6
Q

what is frontal rainfall?

A

when warm air and cool air meet each other. Warm air is lighter than cool air. So, the warm air rises above the cool air.

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7
Q

What is convectional rainfall?

A

Convectional rainfall occurs when the heated air from the earth’s surface rises upwards along with the water vapour and gets condensed when it reaches a higher altitude

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8
Q

What is a rainshadow?

A

A rain shadow is an area of land that lies behind a mountain which gets almost no rainfall.

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9
Q

What is a tropical climate?

A

A tropical climate is a type of climate typical in the tropics and is quite humid or very hot.

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10
Q

What is a temperate climate?

A

A temperate climate has some cold weather, and some hot weather.

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11
Q

What is a polar or artic climate?

A

A polar climate consists of cool summers and very cold winters

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12
Q

What is the greenhouse affect?

A

The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap the Sun’s heat.

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13
Q

What is global warming?

A

Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth’s surface observed

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14
Q

What is El nino?

A

El nino is the warming of the ocean surface, or above-average sea surface temperatures, in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

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15
Q

What is cyclone and anticyclone?

A

Cyclone is low pressure and anticylcone is high pressure

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16
Q

What is a continental climate?

A

a climate characterized by hot summers, cold winters, and little rainfall, typical of the interior of a continent.

17
Q

What is maritime climate?

A

Maritime climate is climatic characteristics are conditioned by their position close to a sea or an ocean

18
Q

Define Cyclone Gabrielle

A

Severe tropical cyclone that hit mainly the north of NZ.

19
Q

What does a key on a weather map tell you?

A

What symbols on a map mean

20
Q

What does the letters H and L stand for on a weather map?

A

The area of High and Low pressure

21
Q

What does a cold front symbol look like and mean and give and example?

A

Blue line with triangles, and shows a cold front. Snowstorms.

22
Q

What does a warm front symbol look like and mean and give an example?

A

Red line with semi circles, and shows a warm front. Thunderstorms.

23
Q

What does and occluded front look like and mean?

A

Purple/pink line of semi circles and triangles, the warm air mass pushes into the cold air mass and the cold air mass pushes into the warm air mass.

24
Q

What does and stationary front look like and mean?

A

Blue and red line with semi circles and triangles pointing in different directions, it forms when two air masses meet and stop moving.

25
Q

What is a front?

A

A place where air masses meet

26
Q

How do meteorologists find weather?

A

The use barometers, thermometers, rain gauges, anemometer to predict the weather in the furture.

27
Q

Whats an air mass?

A

A large body of air the same temperature and humidity throughout.

28
Q

What is humidity?

A

Amount of water vapour in the air

29
Q

Where do the circles or triangles point?

A

To the direction the front is moving

30
Q

What does a solid blue line on a weather map represent?

A

Precipitation

31
Q

Which direction does a warm and cold front typically move?

A

west to east

32
Q

On a weather map, what do closely spaced isobars indicate?

A

High wind speeds

33
Q

What are the 3 main clouds?

A
  1. Cumulus
  2. Stratus
  3. cirrus
34
Q

What does a cumulus cloud look like?

A

A fluffy pillow in the sky

35
Q

What does a stratus cloud look like?

A

A flat blanket or sheet in the sky

36
Q

What does a cirrus cloud look like?

A

Wispy thin clouds

End of yr exams - yr 10 (16 decks)

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