Science - 4 part 2 Flashcards
List the properties of metals:
sonorous, ductility, malleability, lustre, conductivity
What is sonorous?
Metals make a sound when hit
What is ductility?
Metals can be stretched into thin wires
What is lustre?
Metals are shiny when freshly cut
What is malleability?
metals can be bent or hammered into a new shape
What is conductivity?
Metals are good heat and electrical conductors
How can metals be arranged?
In a reactivity series
Put metals into the reactivity series:
potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron, nickel, tin, copper, silver, and gold
Relate reactivity to corrosion
The higher a metal is on the series, the more reactive it is
What is the only metal that rusts and its equation:
Iron
Iron + oxygen = iron oxide (rust)
How are organic compounds based?
Carbon based
Define hydrocarbon
A molecule made completely of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
What first 4 alkanes
Methane, ethane, propane, butane
What are plastics
Plastics are polymers
What is the difference between thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics?
Thermosetting aren’t affected by heat and are harder to recycle, thermoplastics go soft and mouldable when heated but are easily recycled.
List common plastics (monomer and polymer ) and their uses
Styrene-Polystyrene-Packaging
Carbonate-Polycarbonate-Plastic lenses
Describe the uses of plastics and problems with plastics
Does not biodegrade
Hard to recycle
Can become microplastics and get in many things
What is an alloy?
Combination of a metal with at least one other metal useful because they have combined properties e.g stainless steal
what are 3 basic equations?
- metal + oxygen = metal oxide
- metal + base = metal salt + hydrogen gas
- acid + base = salt + water
What is the symbol for nitric acid?
HNO3
What is the symbol for hydrochloric acid?
HCL
what is the symbol for sulfuric acid?
H2SO4
What happens when metal reacts with water
Metals that react with water are the most reactive
These metals are stored in oil to prevent reactions with atmospheric water
These metals also react with acids
Metal + Water → Metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas
What happens when metal reacts with oxygen
Rusting is a type of oxidation
Rusting is a relatively slow reaction
Other metals react much faster with oxygen such as Mg
Metal + Oxygen → Metal oxide
