Social Psychology: Audience Effects and Aggression

Question 1

Audience Influence

Answer 1

spectator influence
home court advantage
basking in reflected glory (BIRG)

Question 2

Social Facilitation definition

Answer 2

how others facilitate performance

Question 3

Triplett Cyclists in 3 conditions

Answer 3

against clock
work with another
race against another (fastest)

Question 4

Drive Theory and effect of presence of audience

Answer 4

-presence of audience increases arousal….

heightened arousal increases the likelihood that the performer will emit his or her dominant response

Question 5

Evaluative Apprehension

Answer 5

drive facilitated by presence of those who can evaluate performance
(perception that others who can evaluate you are present can increase arousal)

Question 6

Home Court Advantage

Answer 6

Pros- baseball, football, basketball, hockey, soccer

collegiate- basketball

Question 7

home country advantage

Answer 7

olympics (presence of supportive audience)

Question 8

Away Court Disadvantage

Answer 8

visitors play worse as oppose to home playing better

Question 9

Home Court Advantage home vs visitors

Answer 9

home= functionally assertive play
visitors= dysfunctionally assertive play (increased fouling)

Question 10

Basking in Reflected Glory (BIRG)

Answer 10

team wins= students say “we”
team loses= students say “they”
students wear more gear when team wins
-connection to winner, self esteem, image maintenance, mood elevation

Question 11

Aggression Defined

Answer 11

1. infliction of ADVERSE (unwanted) STIMULUS upon person
2. act committed with INTENT TO HARM
3. one perpetrated against an UNWILLING VICTIM

Question 12

Aspects of Aggression

Answer 12

provoked vs unprovoked
direct vs indirect
verbal vs physical
adaptive vs maladaptive
hostile vs instrumental

Question 13

Assertion definition

Answer 13

no intent to harm, legitimate force, unusual effort/energy

Question 14

goal of assertion

Answer 14

to play with as much force, enthusiasm & skill to be successful within constitutive rules

Question 15

Proactive Assertion definition

Answer 15

behavior is acceptable, yet forceful or active, within formal rules

Question 16

normative vs constitutive rules

Answer 16

normative= unwritten rules
constitutive= written rules

Question 17

Theories of Aggression

Answer 17

1. genetics
2. cathartic approaches
   instinct theory
   frustration-aggression hypothesis
3. social learning theory

Question 18

Instinct Theory

Answer 18

reason for aggression is protective instinct

Question 19

Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

Answer 19

continued frustration towards a goal leads to aggression

Question 20

Social Learning theory

Answer 20

1. primary mechanisms (learn aggression by watching others)
2. Reinforcement (show fights on tv)
3. modeling (teach players to turn the cheek

Question 21

Factors Promoting aggresion

Answer 21

1. physical (heat/noise/ crowding)
2. psychological (vicarious reinforcement)
3. Sociological (cultural, hooligans, follow soccer team and cause destruction)
4. Sports related situations (point spread, standing in rankings, home vs away, etc
5. media exploiting violence (hype up fights, rivalries, bad injuries

Question 22

Curbing Violence in sport

Answer 22

violence in selected sports

*its responsibility of individual athlete