social psychology Flashcards
sutuationism
view that behavior and actions are determined by our surroundings/environment
dispositionism
view that behavior is determined by internal factors, like personality
fundamental attribution error
tendency to overemphasize internal factors as explanations for one’s behavior
actor-observer bias
thinking other peoples behaviors are due to internal factors but our own are situational
self-serving bias
tendency to make internal attributions for positive behavior and situational ones for negative behavior
just world hypothesis
belief that people get the outcomes they deserve
social role
pattern of behavior expected of a person in a given setting or group
social norm
groups expectation of what’s acceptable behavior for its members
script
one’s knowledge abt the sequence of events expected in a specific setting
attitude
our evaluation of a person, idea, or object
cognitive dissonance
psychological discomfort from holding 2 inconsistent attitudes or behaviors
ex. knowing smoking is bad for you but doing it anyway
elaboration likelihood model
persuasion takes 1 of 2 paths
durability of end result depends on the path
central route and peripheral route
central route
driven by logic, data, and facts
peripheral route
uses peripheral cues to associate positivity with message
conformity
change in one’s behavior to go along with the group even if they don’t agree
asch effect
influence of group majority on one’s judgement
normative social influence
ppl conform to group norm to fit in or be accepted
informational social influence
ppl conform bc they think the group is correct
groupthink
modification of group members opinions to match the group consensus
group polarization
original group attitude strengthens after discussion of views within a group
social facilitation
one performs something better in front of an audience than they do alone
social loafing
one exerts less effort working in a group
prejudice
negative attitude and feeling towards one bc of membership in a group
stereotype
specific belief or attitude about someone bc of membership in a group
discrimination
negative action towards someone bc of membership in group
self fulfilling prophecy
expectation one has that alters behavior to make it true
conformation bias
tendency to seek out information that supports our stereotypes and ignore info that doesn’t match
in-group
group we belong to and identify with
out- group
someone we think is fundamentally different than us
scapegoating
act of blaming our group when in group can’t meet goal
hostile aggression
motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain
instrumental aggression
motivated by achieving a goal that doesn’t mean to cause pain
evolutionary theory of aggression
says aggression is an evolutionary function
bystander effect
bystander doesn’t volunteer to help someone in distress
diffusion of responsibility
nobody in group helps bc responsibility is spread throughout group
pro social behavior
voluntary behavior with intent to help others
altruism
ppls desire to help others even if cost outweighs benefit
homophily
ppl form social bonds with those who are similar to them
reciprocity
five and take in relationships
matching hypothesis
ppl tend to choose romantic partner they think is similar to them in terms of attractiveness and social standing
sternbergs truangular theory of love
7 types of love come from 3 components
intimacy, passion, and commitment
intimacy
sharing details, intimate thoughts, and emotions
passion
physical attraction
commitment
standing by the person
