emotion and motivation

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

wants and needs that direct behavior towards a goal

Question 2

intrinsic motivation

Answer 2

motivation from inside
behaviors performed for personal satisfaction

Question 3

extrinsic motivation

Answer 3

come from external factors
behaviors performed to get something from others

Question 4

overjustification effect

Answer 4

intrinsic motivation is diminished when extrinsic motivation is given
ex. doing something you enjoy for a job makes you less likely to do it for fun

Question 5

instinct theory of motivation

Answer 5

william james
claims behaviors are driven by instincts

Question 6

drive theory

Answer 6

homeostasis directs behaviors
deviation from homeostasis makes physiological needs and direct behavior to meet them

Question 7

arousal theory

Answer 7

states there’s an optimal level of arousal everyone tries to maintain

Question 8

yerkes-dodson law

Answer 8

says task performance is best when there’s a middle level of arousal
hard tasks better w lower levels, easy task better w higher levels

Question 9

self-efficacy

Answer 9

one’s belief in their own ability to do a task

Question 10

bandura

Answer 10

said self efficacy plays a role in motivating behavior

Question 11

hierarchy of needs

Answer 11

abraham maslow
ranks motives by how important they are

Question 12

satiation

Answer 12

feeing full and satisfied, causing eating to stop

Question 13

leptin

Answer 13

hormone released by fat cells when satiety is reached

Question 14

metabolic rate

Answer 14

amount of energy that is used in a given period of time
higher metabolic rates burn calories faster

Question 15

set point theory

Answer 15

everyone has an ideal body weight/ set point that’s resistant to change

Question 16

bariatric surgery

Answer 16

reduces size of stomach that is used for digestion

Question 17

bullimia

Answer 17

binge eating behavior followed by attempts to compensate for the food consumed, like excessive exercise or laxitives

Question 18

anorexia

Answer 18

maintenance of below average body weight through starvation and/or exercise

Question 19

what parts of the brain are involved in motivation for sexual behavior

Answer 19

amygdala and nucleus accumbens

Question 20

alfred kinsey

Answer 20

found men and women both masturbate and are equally experienced
also found homosexual activities to be fairly common

Question 21

kinsey scale

Answer 21

used to categorize sexual orientation

Question 22

masters and johnson’s research

Answer 22

observed ppl doing it and measured sexual arousal and physiological variables

Question 23

sexual response cycle

Answer 23

1. excitement
2. plateau
3. orgasm
4. resolution

Question 24

sexual orientation

Answer 24

emotional/ sexual attraction toward another person

Question 25

gender identity

Answer 25

one’s sense of being male or female

Question 26

gender dysphoria

Answer 26

diagnosis for ppl who don’t identify as gender most ppl would assume
must last 6 months and cause distress or dysfunction

Question 27

transgender hormone therapy

Answer 27

using hormones to make body like the opposite gender

Question 28

emotions

Answer 28

state of being we use to describe our feelings
usually happens in response to an experience

Question 29

mood

Answer 29

prolonged, not as intense, may not be intentional or consciously recognized

Question 30

james-lange theory

Answer 30

emotions come from
physiological arousal

Question 31

cannon bard theory

Answer 31

physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time but are independent of each other

Question 32

schachter- singer two factor theory

Answer 32

emotions are composed of 2 factors, physiological and cognitive

Question 33

lazarus cognitive mediational theory

Answer 33

emotions are determined by our evaluation of the stimulus
evaluation is immediate and unconscious

Question 34

the limbic system

Answer 34

involved in mediating emotional response and memory
includes thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus

Question 35

hypothalamus

Answer 35

activates sympathetic nervous system (part of emotional reaction)
plays important role in motivated behavior, including sex

Question 36

thalamus

Answer 36

sensory relay center
neurons project to amygdala and higher cortical regions for further processing

Question 37

amygdala

Answer 37

plays role in processing emotional info and sending it to cortical structures

Question 38

hippocampus

Answer 38

combines emotional experience with cognition

Question 39

cultural display rule

Answer 39

cultural rules or standards that say what kind of emotions are acceptable to be shown

Question 40

facial feedback hypothesis

Answer 40

facial expressions can influence our emotions