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Introduction to Psychology > Social Psychology > Flashcards

Social Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Social Psychology?

A

Thoughts
Feelings
Behaviours

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2
Q

Rules about appropriate behaviour in different situations. What does this describe?

A

Social Norms

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3
Q

Powerful but hard to articulate
Helps society function
sometimes neg consequences
What do the above 3 describe

A

Social Norms

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4
Q

What did Asch’s line judgment task demonstrate?

A

The power of conformity

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5
Q

What are 7 factors that affect conformity?

A 
Ambiguity/uncertainty
Unanimity/dissention
Group size
Identification with group
Personality
Culture
Gender - depending on task
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6
Q

The more people to give help, the less chance of receiving help.
What is the above describing?

A

The bystander effect

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7
Q

Why does bystander effect happen?

A

Ambiguity/uncertainty
Conformity (to non helping)
Diffusion of responsibility

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8
Q

Exert less effort in group than alone. others pick up slack.

What does this describe?

A

Social loafing

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9
Q

Why does social loafing occur?

A

Less effort - same reward

larger group - less noticeable

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10
Q

What are 3 factors that reduce social loafing?

A

Liking the group
Group expresses disapproval
Culture

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11
Q

Change behaviour to meet demand of authority figure.

What does this describe?

A

Obedience

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12
Q

What 3 factors affect obedience?

A
  1. Experimenter’s status/prestige
  2. Others’ behaviour
  3. Personality characteristics (authoritarian, empathetic)
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13
Q

What 3 factors other others behaviour affects obedience?

A
  1. Peers stopped v completed experiment
  2. Experimenter contradicting each other
  3. Learner request stop V complain of pain
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14
Q

Critiques of Obediance research are concerned about what 2 factors?

A
  1. It’s social value

2. Harm to the participants

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15
Q

What are the 2 things that balance the ethics of Psychological research?

A

The quest for knowledge Vs Individual rights

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16
Q

The processes by which people make sense of themselves, others, social interactions and relationships.
What does this describe?

A

Social perception

17
Q

What are 5 factors in social perception?

A
  1. first impressions
  2. Schemas
  3. Attribution
  4. Stereotypes
  5. Prejudice
18
Q

What 6 factors contribute to first impressions?

A
  1. information
  2. what we infer
  3. Very quick
  4. Stable
  5. Self-fulfilling prophecies
  6. Halo effect
19
Q

What are 4 Social Schemas that we may use?

A
  1. People (librarian, student)
  2. Situations (work movie party}
  3. Roles (student parent}
  4. Relationships (sibling couple)
20
Q

What is Attribution?

A

Why someone behaved in the way they did

21
Q

What are 3 factors as to why we make attributions?

A
  1. Understand behaviour
  2. Predict future behaviour
  3. Control situation
22
Q

What are internal causes of attibution?

A

Personality characteristics

23
Q

What are external causes of attribution?

A

Circumstances/situation

24
Q

What is attibutional bias?

A

More likely to blame character if someone else behaves negatively
More likely to blame circumstance if yourself behaves negatively

25
Q

What can self serving bias lead to?

A

Victim blaming

26
Q

What are the 3 levels of stereotypes?

A
  1. Public - conscious & admit
  2. Private - conscious & won’t admit
  3. Implicit - unconscious
27
Q

What are some typical implicit stereotypes?

A 
Young - old
Straight - gay
Thin - obese
Gender - science
Gender - career
28
Q

Belief about person’s characteristic on basis of their group membership
What does this describe?

A

Stereotypes

29
Q

Attitude towards someone on basis of their group membership

A

Prejudice

30
Q

Behaviour directed towards someone on basis of their group membership

A
31
Q

Behaviour directed towards someone on basis of their group membership

A

Discrimination

32
Q

What is the difference between Sterotype, prejudice and discrimination

A

Stereo - Belief
Prejudice - Attitude
Discrim - Behaviour

33
Q

What 4 factors are involved in inter-group hostility

A
  1. Can happen in a short timeframe
  2. Tiny differences can be the basis
  3. Change in power can cause retaliation
  4. Performance (self-fulfilling prophecy)
34
Q

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy

A
  1. Belief influences behaviour
  2. Our behaviour affects response
  3. Their response reinforces our belief
35
Q

positive actions of the out-group are explained away while negative behaviours are attributed to internal causes.
What does this describe?

A

Attributional Biases

36
Q

How do you reduce inter-group hostility

A

It required contact & co-operation among the group members

Introduction to Psychology (7 decks)

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