PERCEPTION

Question 1

Sense organs receive and transmit info

Answer 1

Sensation

Question 2

brain interpret info

Answer 2

perception

Question 3

Lowest intensity stimulus is detected 50% of time

Answer 3

absolute threshold

Question 4

factors that influence decisions whether a stimulus is there or not

Answer 4

Signal Detection theory

Question 5

the amount 2 stimuli must differ for them to be perceived 50% of the time

Answer 5

Just Noticeable Difference (JND) or The difference threshold

Question 6

Sensory systems are particularly responsive to

Answer 6

changes in stimulation

Question 7

Brightness receptions are called

Answer 7

Rods

Question 8

Colour receptors are called

Answer 8

Cones

Question 9

Light striking the _______ in the eye is converted into nerve impulses

Answer 9

retina

Question 10

regeneration of photopigments that have been depleted by brighter illumination is called

Answer 10

Dark adaptation

Question 11

What is the 2 stage process of colour vision

Answer 11

trichromatic and opponent-process components

Question 12

how are visual stimuli analysed then interpreted

Answer 12

analysed by the population responses in the primary visual cortex then interpreted from the visual association cortex.

Question 13

what are the 2 characteristics of sound waves

Answer 13

frequency or hertz and amplitude or decibels

Question 14

frequency is related to

Answer 14

pitch

Question 15

amplitude is related to

Answer 15

loudness

Question 16

coded in terms of the number and types of auditory nerve fibres that fire

Answer 16

Loudness

Question 17

Frequency and place theories describe

Answer 17

Pitch

Question 18

problems involving structures of the ear that transmit vibration to the cochlea

Answer 18

conduction deafness

Question 19

damaged receptors in the cochlea of the ear is

Answer 19

nerve deafness

Question 20

the 4 basic qualities of taste receptors are

Answer 20

sweet, sour, salty, bitter

Question 21

The receptors for smell are

Answer 21

long cells in the upper nasal cavity

Question 22

What are the 3 skin and body senses?

Answer 22

touch, kinaesthesis and equilibrium

Question 23

touch is sensitive to what 4 things

Answer 23

pressure, pain, warmth and cold

Question 24

Kinaesthesis nerve ending are found in what 3 areas

Answer 24

muscles, tendons and joints

Question 25

sense organ for equilibrium is found where

Answer 25

inner ear

Question 26

What is Gate control theory

Answer 26

It takes into account the downward influences of the brain

Question 27

What do endorphins do?

Answer 27

decrease pain

Question 28

The study of sensory processes have helped people who are

Answer 28

blind, hearing impaired and those who have lost their hands

Question 29

What are the 2 types of processing involved in perception

Answer 29

Bottom-up and top down

Question 30

failure to perceive a stimulus when attending to another is called

Answer 30

inattentional blindness

Question 31

the perceptual system is more vigilant when there is a

Answer 31

threat or danger

Question 32

What are the 5 Gestalt principles of perception

Answer 32

``` figure-ground laws of similarity laws of proximity laws of closure laws of continuity ```

Question 33

Perceptual sets involve our readiness to perceive based on what 4 things

Answer 33

Expectations Assumptions Motivations Emotions

Question 34

What is perceptual constancies

Answer 34

perceive familiar stimuli under changing conditions

Question 35

What the the 3 perceptual constancies for vision

Answer 35

Shape Brightness Size

Question 36

What are the 8 monocular cues to judge depth and distance

Answer 36

Light and Shadow Linear perspective Interposition Height in the horizontal plane Texture Clarity relative size Motion parallax

Question 37

What is binocular disparity

Answer 37

slightly different image viewed by each eye

Question 38

What the the basis of perception of movement

Answer 38

Many cells in the V1 are pooled

Question 39

What are illusions

Answer 39

Erroneous perceptions

Question 40

What causes illusions

Answer 40

Perceptual constancies

Question 41

Perceptual development involves what 2 things?

Answer 41

Physical maturation and learning

Question 42

Can cultural factors influence perception

Answer 42

yes but mainly constant over most cultures

Question 43

Normal visual development depends on

Answer 43

certain sensory experiences at early periods of development