Social Psychology 1 (4.5)

Question 1

The tendency to bring one’s behavior in line with group norms. Benefits: promote group harmony, group solidarity, and peaceful coexistence. Also leads to destructive and offensive behaviors.

Answer 1

Conformity.

Question 2

Experiment, Solomon Asch. Participants asked simple questions, in the room with five confederates. The first few trials, the confederates would all answer correctly. After a while, the confederates would all answer incorrectly. In a group, 37% of participants gave the wrong answer after everyone in the room also did.

Answer 2

Conformity experiment

Question 3

When a person is made to feel incompetent or insecure, group of at least three members, when the views expressed by the group are unanimous, when one admires the group status, when they have made no prior commitment to a response, when others in the group hear your response, when the culture values conformity

Answer 3

Conformity is strengthened.

Question 4

A reason for conformity. People can form to social standards to avoid rejection or gain social approval. Informs public conformity.

Answer 4

Normative approval

Question 5

When we change our behavior but do not change our beliefs that underly. We behavior to fit in, but our minds aren’t changed. Due to normative approval.

Answer 5

Public conformity

Question 6

A reason for conformity. People conform to social standards because the believe that the other behavior is correct. Informs private conformity.

Answer 6

Informational social influence

Question 7

When we change our behaviors and our beliefs, attitudes and our feelings that underly our behavior. Due to informal social influence.

Answer 7

Private conformity

Question 8

Stanley Milgram’s experiment. Punishment with electric shock and a confederate. Made the shock more and more, then were urged to go all the way to the worst shock. 63% of participants obeyed.

Answer 8

Obedience experiment

Question 9

Authority (person giving orders is close at hand), victim (victim is dehumanized), and situation (punishment is increased gradually)

Answer 9

Factors that effect obedience

Question 10

Presence of others creates nervous energy that enhances performance. We are faster riding a bike or winding a fishing reel when were are in the company of others.

Answer 10

Tripplet - Social Facilitation

Question 11

The presence of others increases arousal and dominates the response.

Answer 11

Zajonic - Social Facilitation

Question 12

The tendency for people to exert less effort in group tasks for which individual contributions are pooled.

Answer 12

Social Loafing

Question 13

Ingrham, et al and Latane, et al. asked blindfolded participants to pull on a rope or clap and cheer as loud as they could. Exerted less effort when they thought they were part of a group. Example of ____.

Answer 13

Social Loafing

Question 14

Reasons for ____. In a group, people see their own contribution as unessential to the success of the group, and are less concerned about being evaluated individually. On the reverse, people don’t try hard because they don’t want to be seen by their peers as the sucker

Answer 14

Social Loafing

Question 15

Group interaction. The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussions within a group. Over time, individual differences between groups of college students tend to grow. UR vs SUNY Rockport: initial differences grow over time

Answer 15

Group polarization.

Question 16

Group interaction. Group decision making style by which group members convince themselves they are correct. Likely to occur when the group is isolated and protected from outside influences, likely to occur when the group is tightly knit, values harmony, strong leader.

Answer 16

Groupthink