Motivation and Work (2.5)

Question 1

Eating Disorder. Extreme fear of gaining weight. Ignores hunger pangs, limits food consumption, becomes small, starvation

Answer 1

Anorexia Nervosa

Question 2

Eating Disorder. Extreme cycles of binge eating and self-induced vomiting. (not followed by remorse)

Answer 2

Bulimia Nervosa

Question 3

Eating Disorder. Marked by binge eating and remorse, excessive exercising.

Answer 3

Binge-Eating

Question 4

William Masters and Virginia Johnson. Four stages of the __________. Excitement: initial, genitals engorged with blood. Plateau: second, excitement peaks. Orgasm: Third. Rhythmic genital contraction, sexual release. Release: returning to normal, pre-aroused stage.

Answer 4

Sexual Response Cycle

Question 5

Activate sexual behaviors, direct the development of male and female sexual characteristics.

Answer 5

Hormones

Question 6

Women’s hormone. Amount peaks during ovulation. Fantsize about sex more, wear sexually revealing clothes, and wear red

Answer 6

Estrogen

Question 7

Male hormone. Fluctuations have little impact on sexual response

Answer 7

Testosterone

Question 8

Sexual orientation _____. Philosophy/ psychology. Aristotle: Homosexuality is inborn, but strengthened by habit, Freud: Psychoanalysis - family dynamics, overstatement to the same sex parent.

Answer 8

Origins

Question 9

Sexual orientation theory. Homosexuality is reinforce by same sex homosexual peers in childhood.

Answer 9

Social learn theory

Question 10

Sexual orientation theory. Lots of support. Simon Levay. Autopsied homo, hetero men and hetero women. Found that a tiny nucleus in homo men is similar to the size of the nucleus in hetero women, 1/2 the size of hetero men

Answer 10

Biological

Question 11

Twin studies and sexual orientation.
52% of identical twins were gay
22% of fraternal twins were gay
11% of adoptive siblings were gay

Answer 11

Strong biological influence, not environmental/how they were reared

Question 12

We are social animals. Humans are naturally orientated towards others, seen in infants. Aids in survival, adults who have relationships are more likely to reproduce and co-nurture their children.

Answer 12

Belongingness Motives

Question 13

Baumister and Leary’s _______. Fundamental motivation, joy with new friendships, looniness/grief/anxiety when attachments are threatened and terminated

Answer 13

Need to belong

Question 14

Describes individual differences in the desire to be in the company of others. Strong for some, weak for others. High level: socially active, seek out interaction and contact. Confers psychological benefits. We receive social stimulation and emotional support, and attention from others.

Answer 14

The need for affiliation

Question 15

Differences in the desire to have close, intimate relationships. People with a high need are sincere, loving, warm, hold eye contact, laugh, smile more, confide in others. On average, people who have a higher need tend to be happier

Answer 15

The need for intimacy

Question 16

The need for achievement, strong desire to accomplish difficult tasks, outperform and excel.

Answer 16

Esteem

Question 17

People with an increased need for achievement work harder, are resistant, innovative, and future oriented. They crave success more than they fear failure. They credit successes to themselves rather than external factors.

Answer 17

Esteem

Question 18

David Winter. The strong desire to acquire prestige and influence. Increased ____ = more likely to run for office, strive for positions of authority

Answer 18

Need for power

Question 19

Amy Wrzeniewski- ________. Job: unfulfilling but necessary way to make money. Career: opportunity to advance from position to position. Calling: a fulfilling and socially useful activity. Reports the highest level of satisfaction in work and lives

Answer 19

Integration of motivation and work

Question 20

Mihaly Cizikszentmihayli. Quality of life goes up when we are purposefully engaged in our pursuits. Exists between the anxiety of being overwhelmed and stressed and the apathy of being underwhelmed and bored.

Answer 20

Flow at work

Question 21

Marked by intense concentration, immersion, loss of awareness of time. When our skills match our work. Contributes to self esteem, competence, and well being

Answer 21

Flow

Question 22

Motivating employees. Employees work hard when they believe that their effort will increase performance and a better performance will mean rewards

Answer 22

Reward-based

Question 23

Motivating employees. When employees have better performance, they want to be paid more.

Answer 23

Equity Motivation