Social Psychology 1 (4) Flashcards
The process where by we come to know and evaluate other individuals. The beginning of making attributions.
Social Perception
First step of social perception. Take a loot at others in our environment, ____ behaviors in others.
Observe
Second step of social perception. Why does the behavior exist? What motives underly, what thoughts, feelings, or personality would give rise to that person’s behavior
Explain
Third step in social perception. _______ of the observed individual. How that person thinks, fems, what motivates them, and what personality styles reside.
Form an impression
Theory of Attribution, person. How we come to understand the causes of other’s behavior. People are intuitive scientists in the way that we observe why people do what we do. Explain the cause in regard to the person or situation.
Fritz Heider. Attribution based on the person or situation
Theory of Attribution, person. We make attributions based on three types of information. Consensus information: how do other people react to the same stimulus? Distinctiveness information: how does the person react to a different stimuli? Consistency information: how does the person react to the same stimulus at different times?
Harold Kelley. Consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency
Harold Kelley’s theory of attribution. How did other students do on the same test?
Consensus
Harold Kelley’s theory of attribution. How is he doing on tests in his other classes?
Distinctiveness
Harold Kelley’s theory of attribution. How did he do across all of his exams?
Consistency
When we explain the behavior of others, we tend to overestimate the role of personal factors, and underestimate the old of saturation effects.
Fundamental attribution error
Case study ____. Jones and Harris (1967) Essays about Fidel Castro. Half the participants were told that the authors freely chose their position, the other half told that the authors were assigned a certain position. However, both sides said the same thing. The participants ignored the situational cues, and attributed the behavior to the person, instead of the environment.
Fundamental attribution error
Case study, ___. Ross, et al (1997) Quiz show with an audience. One participant made very hard questions for the second participant to answer. The 2nd participant on average answered 40% of the questions correctly. The audience members rated the questioners above avg on intelligence, and the contestants below. Attributed intelligence to the person instead of the situation.
Fundamental Attribution error
When we make attributions of our own behaviors, we do so in ways that enhance our feelings of self worth. Take credit for our successes, disown our failures.
Self-serving attributions
Students who did well on a test attribute it to personal factors, and ones who do poorly attribute the cause to the situation.
Self-serving attributions
We are social creatures, and social behavior is contagious. Group of individuals looking up at the sky rise of Rochester, other people tend to look up. Street performers put money in their tip jar so when you see that others have tipped, you are more likely to as well.
Social Influence
