Social Psych Flashcards
Emotions-in-relationships model (ERM)
pos and neg emotions most likely to arise when 1 partner’s bx disconfirms the other partner’s expectations, stronger emotions more likely early in a rel.
Informational conformity
– individ uses others’ bx as a source of accurate info, in order to avoid making a mistake, particularly when individ is unsure of her or his own accuracy
Normative conformity
– “going along” with the group norm simply due to group pressure – the desire to be accepted by the group and avoid criticism
Factors affecting conformity
Conformity greatest in grps of 3-4 no more, when a person is pitted against an unanimous majority, in ambiguous sits, in highly cohesive grps, and among individs with low self-esteem, low IQ, high nd for approval, and authoritarianism
Idiosyncrasy credits
(Hollander) - related to minority influence, must first conform to the grp in order to be viewed as “competent insider” then can accumulate idiosyncrasy credits or
“brownie points” once one gains these credits his attempts to deviate or become a lder will be more accepted
French and Ravens bases of social power:
Reward Power – results from the holder’s ability to reward others
Coercive Power – results from holder’s ability to punish others
Legitimate power – recognition of holder’s valid authority
Referent power – person’s attraction to or desire to be like the holder of power
Expert power - belief that power holder has special knowledge or expertise
Leaders who combine expert and referent power tend to be most effective bc based more on characs of the person
Social Facilitation
presence of others enhances performance on simple tasks, and impairs perf on complex tasks
Buffering hypothesis
Buffering hypothesis – higher the perceived levels of social support, the less harmful the effects on health of a stressful sit.
self-perception theory
Daryl Bem. It asserts that people develop their attitudes by observing their own behavior and the context in which it occurred, and concluding what attitudes must have caused it
look to external to identify internal states
balance theory
to explain how people resolve inconsistencies in their interpersonal affects. For example, if a person p likes another person o, and o likes object x, then p will tend to like x also.
field theory (intraindividual conflicts)
approach-approach (both options are win-win)
avoidance-avoidance (both options are lose-lose)
aproach-avoidance (single goal is win-lose)
double approach-avoidance (both options are win-lose)
