OPerant COnd

Question 1

operant extinction

Answer 1

extinction burst then response gradually disapears

Question 2

continuous sch

Answer 2

fastest rate of acquistion but bx is better maintained if switch to intermittent sch

Question 3

FI

Answer 3

reinforcement delivered at fixed time intervals

low rate of reponse

scalloped

hourly wage

Question 4

VI

Answer 4

delivery of reinforcement is variable

steady but low rate of response

pop quiz

Question 5

FR

Answer 5

delivered after certain amount of responses

high and steady responses

piecework

Question 6

VR

Answer 6

reinforcers proveded after variable responses
highest rate of responses and most resistant to extinction

slot machines

Question 7

The Matching Law

Answer 7

The Matching Law is a behavioral principle that states that behavior occurs in direct proportion to reinforcement available for each behavior. Essentially, when 2 or more concurrent schedules exist, preference is shown to the behavior that achieves the highest amount of reinforcement.

Question 8

avoidance cond

Answer 8

An example of this would be conditioning a rat to move from one part of a cage to another after hearing a bell ring. The bell ring (the neutral stimulus) is presented to the rat immediately before it feels an electrical shock. The rat can avoid the shock if it moves to another part of the cage.

Question 9

escape cond

Answer 9

the process by which a subject acquires a response that results in the termination of an aversive stimulus. For example, if a monkey learns that pulling a string eliminates a loud noise, escape conditioning has occurred. Also called escape learning; escape training.

Question 10

positive reinforcement factors

Answer 10

contingency
immediacy
sch of reinforcement (thinning- process of reducing proportion of reinforcements)
magnitude- more reinforcement the more effective until satiation occurs (primary reinforcers are more prone to sariation than secondary)
verbal clarification
prompts (fading- the gradual removal of a prompt)

Question 11

positive reinforcement interventions

Answer 11

shaping

chaining (backward and forward)-acquisition of complex bx (making a cake)

premack principle

differential reinforcement

Question 12

punishment factors

Answer 12

immediacy
consistency
intensity (too strong punishment leads to avoidance, weak then gradual increasing intensity leads to habituation)
verbal clarification
removal of pos reinforcment
combine with reinforcement of alternative bx

Question 13

punishment interventions

Answer 13

verbal reprimands

overcorrection (restitution, positive practice)

negative practice (practice undesirable bx until becomes aversive)

response cost (taking away priveledge)

time out (5 to ten min is opimal)