I/O Flashcards
Herzberg (two factor of motivation)
(expansion of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs)
o Lower level needs (hygiene)-job context
o Upper level needs (motivators)- job content (can create satisfaction)(minimize boredom)
o Lower level do not affect satisfaction but can create dissatisfaction
VIE Theory
o Valence as value of a reward to a person (more value more valence)
o Instrumentality (operant conditioning) belief that successful task completion will result in rewards
o Expectancy work hard you will be successful (expectancy of success)
Discrimination/Fairness
o Differential validity- there are different criterion-related validity coefficients for minority and nonminority
o Adverse impact- 80% (4/5) rule-when less than 4/5th of the percentage of nonminority are hired (should be 80% of the majority selection ratio)-AI is when one group is not being selected as much as another-occurs when selection ratio of the unfavored group is less than 80%
o Unfairness (Cleary 1968)- differences on predictor scores for minority and nonminority groups but criterion scores are similar (**Evidenced by regression lines that are parallel) (fair when regression line is equivalent)
Holland Personality Themes (RIASEC)
Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising and Conventional
Equity theory
Ratio of self input and outcome in relation to the input and output of others-adjust accordingly to ensure equity
Fiedler’s Contingency Theory
o Relationship-oriented leader (high LPC-least preferred coworker) is most effective in a moderately favorable situation
o Task-oriented (Low LPC) are most effective in extremes (highly favorable or unfavorable)
House Path-Goal Theory
o Leader increasing personal payoffs for subordinated by making the paths to payoff easier
Herbert Simon’s Decision-Making Model (Satisficing Model or Administrative Model)
o When presented with many alternatives, one previews the alternatives until one passes acceptability (satisficing style)
Classical or Rational-Economic Model of Decision-Making
o Consider all alternatives carefully before choosing the best one
Quality control circles
· concerned with increasing responsibility of workers
A quality circle or quality control circle is a group of workers who do the same or similar work, who meet regularly to identify, analyze and solve work-related problems. It consists of minimum three and maximum twelve members in number.
Locke’s goal setting theory
Researcher Edwin Locke found that individuals who set specific, difficult goals performed better than those who set general, easy goals. Locke proposed five basic principles of goal-setting: clarity, challenge, commitment, feedback, and task complexity.
Self-efficacy theory (Bandura)
self efficacy impacts bx and performance-one’s level of self efficacy is based upon prior experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion (encouragement) and physiological feedback (comfort/arousal)
