Social Pschology

Question 1

Sense of self

Answer 1

An individual’s sense of identity that has been influenced by social, cultural, and psychological experiences; your sense of who you are in relation to other people.

Question 2

Social cognition

Answer 2

The mental processes people use to make sense of their social environment.

Question 3

Social influence

Answer 3

The effect of situational factors and other people on an individual’s behavior.

Question 4

Person perception

Answer 4

Mental process we use to form judgements and draw conclusions about the characteristics and motives of other people.

Question 5

Social norms

Answer 5

The rules for appropriate social behavior.

Question 6

Social categorization

Answer 6

The mental process of categorizing people into groups (or social categories) on the basis of their shared characteristics

Question 7

Explicit cognition

Answer 7

Deliberate conscious mental process involved in perceptions, judgements, decisions and reasoning.

Question 8

Implicit cognition

Answer 8

Automatic mental processes involved in perceptions, judgements, decisions, and reasoning.

Question 9

Implicit personality theory

Answer 9

A network of assumptions about the relationships among various types of people, traits, and behaviors.

Question 10

Attribution

Answer 10

Mental process of inferring the causes of people’s behavior.

Question 11

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 11

The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal, personal characteristics, while ignoring or underestimating the effects of external, situational factors; an attributional bias that is common in individualistic cultures.

Question 12

Actor-observer bias

Answer 12

The tendency to attribute our own behavior to external, situational characteristics, while ignoring or underestimating the effects of internal personal factors.

Question 13

Blaming the victim

Answer 13

Tendency to assume it’s the victims fault a situation has occurred.

Question 14

Hindsight bias

Answer 14

Tendency to overestimate ones ability to have foreseen the outcome of an event.

Question 15

Just-world hypothesis

Answer 15

Assumption that the world is fair and therefore people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Question 16

Self serving bias

Answer 16

Tendency to attribute successful outcomes to ones own behavior and unsuccessful ones to external, situational ones.

Question 17

Attitude

Answer 17

A learned tendency to evaluate some object, person, or issue in a particular way.
Such evaluations may be positive, negative or ambivalent.

Question 18

Cognitive dissonance

Answer 18

An unpleasant state of psychological tension that occurs when two thoughts or perceptions are inconsistent.

Typically results from the awareness that attitudes and behaviors are in conflict.

Question 19

Prejudice

Answer 19

Negative attitude toward people who belong to s specific social group.

Question 20

Stereotype

Answer 20

A cluster of characteristics that are associated with all members of a specific social group, often including qualities that are unrelated to the objective criteria that define the group.

Question 21

Conformity

Answer 21

Adjusting your opinions, judgements, or behaviors so that they match the those of the social norm or situation.

Question 22

Normative social influence

Answer 22

Behavior that is motivated by the desire to gain social acceptance and approval.

Question 23

Informational social influence

Answer 23

Behavior that is motivated by the desire to be correct.

Question 24

Altruism

Answer 24

Helping another with no expectation of reward.

Question 25

Priscilla behavior

Answer 25

Any behavior that helps another whether it’s self serving or selfless.

Question 26

Bystander effect

Answer 26

Phenomenon in which the greater number of people present, the less likely each individual is to help someone in distress

Question 27

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 27

Phenomenon where the presence of people makes it less likely that any individual will help because obligation is shared among everyone.

Question 28

Social loafing

Answer 28

Expend less effort in group tasks.

Question 29

Social facilitation

Answer 29

Presence of other people enhanced individual performance

Question 30

Social Psychology

Answer 30

Branch of psychology that studies how a persons thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the presence of other people and by the social and physical environment.