Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Stage model of memory

A

3 stages to memory: sensory, short term, long term

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2
Q

Sensory memory

A

Stage of memory that registers info from environment and holds info for brief time

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3
Q

Short term memory

A

Info stored for 20 seconds

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4
Q

Long term memory

A

Stores info for the long haul

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5
Q

Maintenance rehearsal

A

Repetition of info so it maintains beyond 20 secs

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6
Q

Chunking

A

Increasing amount of info held in short term by grouping related items together in a single unit

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7
Q

Working memory

A

Temporary storage and active conscious manipulation of information needed for complex cognitive tasks: reasoning, learning, and problem solving

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8
Q

Elaborative rehearsal

A

Focuses on meaning of info to help encode and transfer to long term

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9
Q

Procedural memory

A

Long term memory they includes memories of different skills, operations, and actions

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10
Q

Episodic memory

A

Long term memory that includes memories of particular events.

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11
Q

Semantic memory

A

Long term memory that includes memories of general knowledge, concepts, facts, and names.

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12
Q

Explicit memory

A

Info that can be consciously recollected

Declarative memory

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13
Q

Implicit memory

A

Info that affects behavior or task performance but cannot be consciously recollected

Non-declarative memory

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14
Q

Serial position effect

A

Tendency to remember beginning and end of list, and not middle.

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15
Q

Encoding specificity principle

A

Info retrieval is similar to info encoding and therefore easier to retrieve.

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16
Q

Context effect

A

Recover info more easily when frigid all occurs in same setting as original learning.

17
Q

Mood congruence

A

Given mood tends to evoke memories that are consistent with that mood.

18
Q

Flashbulb memories

A

Recall specific images or details surrounding a vivid, rare or significant event

19
Q

Prospective memory

A

Remembering to do something in future.

20
Q

Decay theory

A

Forgetting is due to normal metabolic processes that occur in the brain over time.

21
Q

Source memory or source monitoring

A

Minors for when, where, and his a particular experience or piece of info was acquired.

22
Q

Interference theory

A

Forgetting is caused by one memory competing with or replacing another.

23
Q

Retroactive interference

A

New memory interferes with old memory recall.

24
Q

Proactive interference

A

Old memory interferes with new memory recall.

25
Suppression
Forgetting that occurs consciously. Deliberate attempt to not think about and remember specific info.
26
Repression
Unconscious forgetting. Memory is blocked and unavailable to consciousness.
27
Imagination inflation
Vividly imagining an event markedly increased confidence that the event actually occurred.
28
Encoding
Process of transforming info into a form that can be entered into the memory system