social process theories Flashcards
differential association theory
we are born innocent and either learn to be delinquent or pro-social, learning occurs in intimate groups through association
who invented differential association theory?
Edwin Sutherland
association varies in what 4 ways?
duration (how long)
frequency (how often)
intensity (how prestigious/ important)
priority (when, timing/ age)
delinquent definition
crime occurs when pro-delinquency definition is greater than anti-delinquent definition
social learning theory
differential association favorable/ unfavorable definition identification model differential reinforcement
identification
identify connection (same gender, race)
model
imitate
differential reinforcement
positive: reward/ incentive/ disapproval
negative: punishment/ disapproval
social control theory
we are all born with deviant tendencies but bonds and self control constrain us
social bonds theory
part of social control theory, social bonds tie individuals to conform to society, when they are weakened, we are more likely to commit crime
who introduced social bonds theory?
Travis Hirschi
4 elements of social bonds theory
attachment (emotional closeness)
commitment (devotion to conventional goals)
involvement (time spent on conventional activities)
belief (accept laws as valid)
self-control theory
poor parenting leads to weak self control, and when combined with criminal opportunity the child will commit a delinquent act
who proposed self control theory?
Godttfredson and Hirschi
general strain theory
delinquency is a type of problem solving:
general strains ->
negative affects ->
deviant behavior
