family influences

Question 1

intact family

Answer 1

natural parents with children

Question 2

non-intact family

Answer 2

single-parent family (broken)

Question 3

blended family

Answer 3

remarried family

Question 4

single vs two parent families

Answer 4

delinquents tend to be from single parent families

Question 5

parental absence

Answer 5

father absence is related to poor adjustments especially among boys

Question 6

parental conflict

Answer 6

can be worse that parental divorce in many cases

Question 7

parental separation/ divorce

Answer 7

divorce/ separation can have worse affects than parental death, and remarriage does not mitigate the effects of divorce

Question 8

parenting skills

Answer 8

communication (poor communication)
engagement (interaction with child)
supervision (monitoring child’s behavior)
discipline (reasonable/ consistent punishments)

Question 9

who created the 3 parenting styles?

Answer 9

Diana Baumrind

Question 10

authoritative parenting

Answer 10

kids have choice but parents still expect them to do well (warm/strict)

Question 11

authoritarian parenting

Answer 11

kids have rules they must follow (cold/strict)

Question 12

permissive parenting

Answer 12

kids have freedom to make nearly all their decisions with little discipline from parents (warm/unstrict)

Question 13

Judith Harris

Answer 13

opposing view to Baumrind, says that nurture (genetics and environment, not parenting styles), determine behavior. Also, peer affects are greater than parents

Question 14

physical/ verbal abuse effects

Answer 14

injury/ death
aggression/delinquency
less empathy
emotional problems

Question 15

sexual abuse effects

Answer 15

sense of betrayal
powerlessness
stigmatization
traumatic sexualization

Question 16

negative impacts of abuse/ neglect

Answer 16

delinquency, suicides, arrests

Question 17

comorbidity of substance and child abuse

Answer 17

must be treated simultaneously

Question 18

predictors of abuse

Answer 18

parents were victims of abuse
presence of unrelated adults
isolated family

Question 19

what age are parents most likely to abuse?

Answer 19

young parents (teenagers and unwedded), female perps typically younger than male

Question 20

what age are kids most likely to be abused?

Answer 20

ages 0-3, being born prematurely adds risk

Question 21

victimization rates for race

Answer 21

they vary, for Asian it is 4.4 per 1k kids, African American 25.2 per 1k kids

Question 22

which gender most commonly abuses?

Answer 22

mothers who are acting alone because they are around children more

Question 23

which parent commits more physical abuse/ neglect?

Answer 23

mothers

Question 24

which parent commits more sexual abuse?

Answer 24

fathers

Question 25

what gender kid is more likely to experience sexual abuse?

Answer 25

girls

Question 26

which social class reports more maltreatment?

Answer 26

lower class, especially with abuse and neglect

Question 27

Cathy Widom’s study of maltreatment on delinquency and juvenile arrests

Answer 27

maltreated children commit 2x as much crime
abused children 59% more likely to be arrested
physically abused more likely to commit violent crimes
child abuse creates a cycle of violence

Question 28

Joan McCord’s study of abuse, neglect, and rejection increasing delinquency

Answer 28

parents who constantly criticize and belittle their children can be just as harmful as physical abusers, boys who are mistreated are far more likely to commit crimes, become alcoholics or develop mental illness

Question 29

Joan McCord’s three categories of mistreatment

Answer 29

abuse
neglect
rejection

Question 30

West and Farmington’s Cambridge Study

Answer 30

1. father-son and sibling similarity
2. bullies run in families
   why does crime run in families?
   role models
   poor parenting
   strains
   possibly genetics

Question 31

Blake’s resource dilution theory

Answer 31

with larger families, more resources are required for more children and they may be spread thin meaning that each child gets less food, love, attention, and care