Social Perception Flashcards
What are the 3 aspects of Social Perception
Nonverbal Communication, Attribution, Impression formation and Management
At what percentage can we detect lies?
50% of the time
Self-verification
We want other to see us as we see ourselves and as such, we are less likely to be intentionally dishonest
How can we detect deception?
- Microexpressions
- Interchannel Descrepancies
- Eye Contact
- Exaggerated Facial expressions
- Linguistic Style
- Verbal Cues
To what do we Attribute peoples Behaviours?
Dispositional Attributions, Situational Attributions
Dispositional Attributions
Assuming that the cause of an action is due to a person’s internal characteristics
Situational Attributions
Assuming that the cause of an action is due to external/environmental factors
On what 3 factors are considered part of the Correspondent Inference Theory on how we make attributions for others?
- Was the behavior freely chosen?
- Is the behaviour expected given the situation?
- What are the action’s consequences?
Kelley’s Covariation Theory
Bases of attributions on 3 factors
- Consensus - would most people behave in the same way?
- Consistency - does the individual respond in the same way to the same stimulus in different contexts?
- Distinctiveness - would the same person behave differently in other situations?
Correspondence Bias (Fundamental Attribution Error)
The tendency to make dispositional attributions for others behaviours, tends to happen when we don’t have enough information to make an accurate attribution
Spontaneous trait inference
Automatically inferring traits from another person’s behaviours
What impact does culture have on Attribution?
Collectivist cultures are less likely to make dispositional attributions and as a result fundamental attribution errors occur less
What are the 3 stages to the 3 stage model of attribution
- Behaviour is automatically characterized
- A dispositional inference is made
- Situation factors are weighed in if the observer is cognitively able to do so (requires time, motivation, and energy to overcome the automatic dispositional attribution
Actor-observer effect
making dispositional attributions for others’ behaviours but situational attributions for our own
First Impressions
instantaneous (50 milliseconds) non deliberate impression of another person on first meeting
Warm-cold Variable
We make attributions about an entire persons global character and personality based on them being described as “warm” or “cold”
Primacy Effect
Items at the beginning of an experience are more easily remembered
Recency Effect
Items at the end of an experience are more easily remembered
Halo Effect
One positive attribute will cause us to attribute other positive qualities to an individual
Reverse Halo Effect
one negative attribute will cause us to attribute other positive qualities to an individual
Confirmation Bias
We actively seek out data that support our beliefs and actively disregard data that refutes our beliefs
Belief Perseverance
People maintain their original beliefs, even in the face of contradictory data
Self Fulfilling Prophecy
If we expect that something will happen, we will act in ways that elicit exactly what we expected
Self-enhancement
Efforts to increase our appeal to others
Other-enhancement
Efforts to make the other person feel good in various ways
