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Psychology 2800 > Aggression > Flashcards

Aggression Flashcards

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1
Q

Aggression

A

behaviour that intends to harm another individual

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2
Q

What forms does aggression take?

A

verbal and physical

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3
Q

Hostile aggression

A

aggression with a specific motive. eg. Road rage

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4
Q

Instrumental aggression

A

using aggression with intent other than harm eg. mugging theft

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5
Q

Overt

A

direct

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6
Q

Covert

A

Indirect

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7
Q

Direct Aggression

A

clearly derived from aggressor, aimed at victim

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8
Q

Indirect Aggression

A

not clearly derived from aggressor, victim is unclear

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9
Q

Which gender tends to be more relational in their aggression?

A

Females

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10
Q

Which gender is more likely to be victims of aggression?

A

Males

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11
Q

Which gender tends to lean more towards hostile aggression and direct aggression?

A

Males

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12
Q

What is a big factor in Aggression?

A

Provocation

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13
Q

Which Gender tends to be more easily provoked to aggression?

A

Males

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14
Q

Expressive View

A

Aggression is used to express anger and reduce stress

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15
Q

Instrumental view

A

Aggression is used to gain personal, social, or material rewards

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16
Q

Which view of aggression do females lean toward

A

Expressive View

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17
Q

Which view of aggression do males lean toward

A

Instrumental View

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18
Q

In which form of culture is aggression sometimes need for survival?

A

“Honour Cultures”

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19
Q

“Honour Killings”

A

a person members is killed for shaming the family

20
Q

Instinct theory

A

aggression is an innate and inevitable occurrence

21
Q

Evolutionary theory

A

Aggression is related to survival and reproduction, and the instinct gets stronger over time

22
Q

How does Biology factored into aggression?

A

Genetic mutations may be a cause for aggression

23
Q

What Biochemical factors influence aggression?

A

Alcohol, Hormones, Neurotransmitters

24
Q

How do Neurotransmitters factor into aggression?

A

Low levels of serotonin are often found in violence-prone children and adults

25
Q

Which hormone has a high influence on aggression level?

A

Testosterone

26
Q

What decreases as the levels of testosterone increase?

A

The amount of provocation needed to illicit aggression

27
Q

Frustration

A

Negative feeling associated with failing to reach a goal

28
Q

Frustration aggression theory

A

Aggression is a direct consequence of building frustration

29
Q

Relative deprivation

A

feeling that other have something that we do not

30
Q

Congnitive-neoassociation theory

A

a negative result leads to aggression

31
Q

Where is aggressive behaviours learned?

A

Mimicking others with positive reinforcement

32
Q

Reinforcement

A

An action or process that strengthens a behaviour

33
Q

What are some common sources of reinforcement for aggressive behaviour?

A

Parents, peers, television, video games, movies

34
Q

What factors affect aggression?

A

current internal state, personal understanding, and decision making

35
Q

General Aggression Model (GAM)

A

two types of input can trigger blatant aggression

36
Q

What situational factors affect in the GAM?

A

Affective, cognitive, and arousal states

37
Q

What two types of input trigger blatant aggression?

A

Proximal factors and Personal Factors

38
Q

Proximal factors

A

Factors related to the current situation

39
Q

Personal factors

A

Factors related to the individual

40
Q

Aversive experiences

A

An undesirable experience eg. pain, overcrowding, attack, discomfort

41
Q

What was proposed by Berkowitz?

A

Aversive experiences, not frustration, are the primary cause of aggression

42
Q

Schachter and Singer

A

Physical arousal is the same with different emotions, we label the arousal based on situational information

43
Q

What theory did Zillmann propose on excitation?

A

Excitation-Transfer Theory

44
Q

What Environmental cues can trigger aggression?

A

High temperatures, drinking alcohol, gun imagery

45
Q

What are three ways we can reduce aggression?

A

Punishment, Modeling non-aggression, Training

Psychology 2800 (11 decks)

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