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Psychology/Sociology - MCAT > Social Interactions > Flashcards

Social Interactions Flashcards

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1
Q

George Mead

A

only specific people in your life impact you during specific periods of time –> usually early in life

believes social interactions influence identity more than behavior

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2
Q

social behaviorism

A

developed by george mead
infants imitate individuals until they learn the social behaviors
act based on perceived point of view
will go from imitation –> role play –> generalization (game)

social interactions influence identity more than behavior

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3
Q

Me

A

developed by Mead
That is me in the society
how other’s perceive you and how you embody that role

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4
Q

I

A

developed by Mead
this is who I am
individual impulses, self is the subject

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5
Q

Charles Cooley

A

believed that every interaction you have with people impacts your life

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6
Q

socialization

A

developed by Cooley

people learn behavior and attitudes by interactions with people

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7
Q

looking glass self

A

developed by Cooley
we embody other people’s perception of ourselves but not only their opinions but what is deemed their opinion

ex: a teacher grading a paper harshly can be seen as dislike of the student but can be rephrased to see that the teacher wishes to push the student towards excellence

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8
Q

reaction formation

A

having repressed opinions surface in a contrasting way

ex: acting like you hate someone when you have a crush on them

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9
Q

regression

A

moving backwards; acting younger to avoid social responsibilities/unacceptable behaviors
ex: moving back in with parents to avoid responsibilities

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10
Q

Social network analysis

A

seeing at how communicable diseases are spread and mapping the connections between those interactions

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11
Q

Role strain

A

having competing expectations within the same role

ex: a student trying to maintain grades and club positions

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12
Q

Role conflict

A

having competing expectations between two roles

ex: being a parent and also being an employee

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13
Q

Role exit

A

leaving a role and transitioning into another role

ex: student moving into full time position working

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14
Q

dyad

A

2 people
1 social ties
intimate
group ceases to exist when someone leaves

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15
Q

triad

A

3 people
up to 3 social ties
more stable
group maintained even when someone leaves

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16
Q

tetrad

A

4 people
up to 6 social ties
least stable because usually break into groups of 2

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17
Q

larger groups

A

5+ members
many social ties
leads to groupthink and polarization

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18
Q

groupthink

A

occurs in large groups when people of similar opinions get together and all agree to avoid dissonance

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19
Q

group polarization

A

occurs in large groups
if everyone in the room has the same side of opinion, they will all become more polarized at the end of the meeting and make more extreme decisions

ex: put a group of conservative people in a room - they will talk themselves into being more conservative even if they were in the middle

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20
Q

social loafing

A

people will put in less work when they are in a group than when they are by themselves

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21
Q

denial

A

inability/refusal to recognize unacceptable behaviors or ideas

ex: refusing to accept that you are angry when you actually are

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22
Q

projection

A

attributing unacceptable thoughts/behaviors to someone/something else

ex: calling the sidewalk stupid after tripping

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23
Q

rationalization

A

making excuses for unacceptable thoughts/behaviors

ex: cheating was okay because the test was impossible

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24
Q

repression

A

blocking unacceptable thoughts/behaviors from your consciousness

ex: being unaware of a previous traumatic incident

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25
Q

displacement of emotion

A

taking out unacceptable behaviors on a safe target

ex: punching a pillow when you are frustrated

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26
Q

sublimation

A

transforming unacceptable behaviors/thoughts into acceptable thoughts/behaviors

ex: taking up boxing to channel anger

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27
Q

social capital

A

person’s network of people that can be converted into economic gain
the more people you know, the more social capital and the more social mobility

28
Q

social mobility

A

movement of individuals, groups, or families between or within status categories in society
ex: getting promoted (which usually depends on your social capital)

29
Q

consaguinal kinship

A

related by blood

biological parent, biological child

30
Q

affinal kinship

A

based on marriage

spouse

31
Q

fictive kinship

A

ties not related to blood or marriage

ex: adoptive children, godparents, fraternity brothers, close family friends

32
Q

primary kinship

A

those that are within the nuclear family

mom, dad, children

33
Q

secondary kinship

A

those that are one degree removed from the nuclear family

uncles, aunts, grandparents, cousins

34
Q

tertiary kinship

A

those are are two degrees removed from the nuclear family

great uncles, second cousins, great aunts

35
Q

normative social influence

A

conform in order to fit in/gain approval

usually occurs when individual identifies with the group

36
Q

informational social influence

A

when you are uncertain about the decision or believe others opinions over your own

occurs when individual views members as experts

37
Q

ego defense mechanism

A

unconscious way of dealing with anxiety that is caused by unacceptable behaviors like skipping meals because anorexic

several defense mechanisms, repression, denial, etc

38
Q

preparatory phase

A

developed by george mead

infancy/toddler
imitation: often lacking understanding of words but still saying them

no concept of self

39
Q

play stage

A

developed by george mead

preschool age
role taking: taking on role of specific other
ex: pretending to be a doctor or to get married

once separates themselves from others in terms of identity –> begin forming “I”

40
Q

game stage

A

developed by george mead

school age

generalized other: understanding all roles and overarching rules

generate “me” by incorporating rules and values of society

41
Q

homophily

A

tendency for people to choose relationships with other people who have similar attributes

individuals with similar traits are more likely to form social ties with one another

ex: I chose to be with Quinn because we are both intelligent people who enjoy music and science

42
Q

definition of situation

A

people enter into social situations with clearly defined expectations for their own behavior and the behavior of others

help people understand the status and roles of everyone involved

ex: white coat = health professional = doctor

43
Q

halo effect

A

attributional error that occurs when a physically attractive individual is also assumed to have other positive qualities (ex intelligence, kindness)

44
Q

social facilitation effect

A

audience effect

when someone is watching when you do an easy task, you do it better

45
Q

identity shift effect

A

individuals will change their behavior to conform to the norms of a group in order to gain acceptance and then incorporate the standards of the group into their identity

46
Q

companionship support

A

gives people a sense of social belonging

sharing social activities

47
Q

emotional support

A

actions people take to make us feel loved and cared for
bolsters our self-worth
non-tangible types of assistance

48
Q

instrumental support

A

tangible help that others may provide to an individual

49
Q

informational support

A

help that others may offer through provision of information

50
Q

self-actualization

A

individual’s drive to realize their potential and develop inherent talent and capabilities

51
Q

self-awareness

A

conscious experience of one’s own personality or individuality

52
Q

self-concept

A

collection of beliefs of oneself

53
Q

self-efficacy

A

belief one can control their life

54
Q

self-esteem

A

attitude which influences moods and exerts a powerful effect on an individual’s personal and social behaviors

55
Q

self-fulfilling prophecy

A

phenomenon where a person believes an event will occur and either consciously or subconsciously behaves in a way that will bring about the prediction

56
Q

self-handicapping

A

process of developing behavioral reaction for anticipated failure and and responding in a way that will minimize personal responsibility for failure

57
Q

self-serving bias

A

set of biases in which people take credit for successes and deny responsibilities for failures

58
Q

differential association

A

deviance is learned through interactions with others engaging in deviance

ex: how people in band learn about “yooing” because people are doing it around them. It is not something that people normally do, but they learn this behavior through interacting with upper classmen

59
Q

deviance

A

violating social norms

informal norms: cutting in line
formal norms: breaking the law

60
Q

strain theory

A

individuals experience tension when there is a disconnect between goals and the available means for achieving those goals

Ex: a parent who is unable to feed their child because there is not enough food experiences strain. And then she will deviate from norms to achieve the goal of feeding her child

61
Q

labeling theory

A

individuals are labeled as deviant, they will confirm the label by acting deviant

it is a cascading event. Begins with small deviant acts (hurting animals) and can escalate to murder as people being to internalize the deviant label

62
Q

central route of persuasion vs peripheral route

A

using different methods if someone is interested in the message (central) vs when someone is not interested (peripheral)

ex: Me vs Liam when it comes to science things. Use a pretty girl as a spokesperson and Liam will become interested. I am already interested in science and won’t take as much convincing.

63
Q

thomas theorum

A

your interpretation of the situation influences your reaction

ex: When Kenzie puts something in the chat - I see it as totally passive-aggressive so get upset but Dulcinea doesn’t interpret it that way and thinks what she is saying is nice

64
Q

social control

A

certain set of rules that govern people so that we all live peacefully

informal control: unenforced social norms (ex: don’t tell a joke at a funeral)

formal control: stuff you can be prosecuted for (ex: vandalism)

65
Q

peer pressure

A

you will follow in the path of your peers so that you fit in and are accepted by society

66
Q

social cognitive theory

A

we learn how to behave based on observing others in society instead of trial and error

Psychology/Sociology - MCAT (12 decks)

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