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Psych Biology > Social Interaction > Flashcards

Social Interaction Flashcards

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1
Q

Status

A

A position in society used to classify individuals

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2
Q

Ascribed status

A

Involuntarily assigned to an individual based on race, ethnicity, gender, family background, and so on

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3
Q

Achieved status

A

Voluntarily gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices

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4
Q

Master status

A

The status by which an individual is primarily identified; is pervasive in that person’s life

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5
Q

Role

A

A set of beliefs, values, and norms that define the expectations of a certain status in a social situation

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6
Q

Role performance

A

Refers to carrying out the behaviours of a given role

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7
Q

Role partner

A

Another individual who helps define a specific role within the relationship

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8
Q

Role set

A

Contains all of the different roles associated with a status

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9
Q

Role conflict

A

Occurs when one has difficulty in satisfying the requirements of multiple roles simultaneously

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10
Q

Role strain

A

Occurs when one has difficulty satisfying multiple requirements of the same role simultaneously

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11
Q

Groups

A

Made up of two or more individuals with similar characteristics that share a sense of unity

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12
Q

Peer Group

A

A self-selected group formed around similar interests, ages, and statuses

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13
Q

Family Group

A

The group into which an individual is born, adopted, or married

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14
Q

In-group

A

One with which an individual identifies

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15
Q

Out-group

A

One that an individual competes with or opposes

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16
Q

Reference group

A

A group to which an individual compares him or herself.

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17
Q

Primary Groups

A

Groups that contain strong, emotional bonds

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18
Q

Secondary Groups

A

Groups that are often temporary and contain fewer emotional bonds and weaker bonds overall

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19
Q

Gemeinschaft (community)

A

A group unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography. E.g. families and neighbourhoods

20
Q

Gesellschaft (society)

A

A group unified by mutual self-interests in achieving a goal. E.g. companies

21
Q

Network

A

An observable pattern of social relationships between individuals or groups

22
Q

Organizations

A

Bodies of people with a structure and culture designed to achieve specific goals (they exist without each individual’s membership within the organization)

23
Q

Basic Model of emotional expression/self-presentation

A

States that there are universal emotions, along with corresponding expressions

24
Q

Social Construction Model

A

States that emotions are solely based on experiences and the situational context of social interactions

25
Q

Display Rules

A

Unspoken expectations of emotions that govern the expression of emotion

26
Q

Cultural syndrome

A

A shared set of beliefs, norms, values, and behaviours organized around a central theme, as is found among people sharing the same language and geography.

27
Q

Self-presentation/ Impression management

A

Refers to the maintenance of a public image, which is accomplished through various strategies: e.g. self-disclosure, managing appearances, ingratiation, aligning actions, and alter-casting. Includes the authentic self, the ideal self, and the tactical self (who we market ourselves to be when we adhere to others’ expectations of us).

28
Q

Self-disclosure

A

Sharing factual information about oneself to establish an identity

29
Q

Managing appearances

A

Refers to using props, appearance, emotional expression, or associations to create a positive image

30
Q

Ingratiation

A

Using flattery or conformity to win over someone else

31
Q

Aligning actions

A

The use of excuses to account for questionable behaviour

32
Q

Alter-casting

A

Imposing an identity onto another person

33
Q

Dramaturgical approach

A

Claims that individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role in front of an audience (front and back stage components)

34
Q

Front stage

A

Where an individual is seen by the audience and strives to preserve his desired image

35
Q

Back Stage

A

where the individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image

36
Q

Verbal Communication

A

The conveyance of information through spoken, written, or signed words

37
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A

The conveyance of information by means other than the use of words, such as body language, prosody, facial expressions, and gestures

38
Q

Animal communication

A

Takes place not only between nonhuman animals, but between humans and other animals as well.
Animals use body language ,rudimentary facial expressions, visual displays, scents, and vocalizations to communicate

39
Q

Role exit

A

The dropping of one identity for another

40
Q

Network redundancy

A

In a social network, if there are overlapping connections with the same individual

41
Q

Characteristic institution

A

The basic organization of society; in modern times, this is bureaucracy

42
Q

Bureaucracy

A

A rational system of political organization, administration, discipline, and control.

43
Q

Iron law of oligarchy

A

States that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group

44
Q

McDonaldization

A

Commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies.

45
Q

appraisal model

A

Accepts that there are biologically predetermined expressions once an emotion is experienced, but that there is a cognitive antecedent to emotional expression

46
Q

George Mead’s “I” vs “me” theory

A

“Me” is the part of self that is a response to the environment. “I” is the creative expression of the individual

Psych Biology (11 decks)

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