Social Influences: Family

Question 1

What are parenting styles?

Answer 1

Stable aspects of parental behaviour

Question 2

What are the 2 dimensions of parenting styles?

Answer 2

1. Warmth and responsiveness
2. Control

Question 3

What are the 4 parenting styles and how do they relate to warmth and control?

Answer 3

1. Authoritative - high warmth and control
2. Permissive - high warmth and low control
3. Authoritarian - low warmth and high control
4. Uninvolved - low warmth and control

Question 4

When is punishment most effective?

Answer 4

The learner can learn from their behaviour when worked alongside reinforcement, when applied consistently

Question 5

What are some limitations to punishment?

Answer 5

Children often become upset, may miss the feedback wanted through the punishment

Question 6

True or false: physical punishment is an effective way to punish a child

Answer 6

FALSE WTF THAT’S ABUSE

Question 7

According to the physical punishment study, what sort of behaviour is fostered in a punitive school vs. a non-punitive school?

Answer 7

Punitive - dishonesty, more able to hide their lies
Non-punitive - less dishonest, less able to hide their lies

Question 8

What are some traits of children who see constant marital conflict?

Answer 8

They are more anxious, withdrawn, and aggressive

Question 9

What aspects of development are affected by divorce?

Answer 9

Academic difficulties, disruptive behaviours, low self-esteem

Question 10

What are 3 ways to reduce a child’s stress during a divorce?

Answer 10

1. Explain what and why something is happening and how things will change
2. Reassure the child you love them
3. Encourage children to discuss their feelings

Question 11

What are 3 things not to do to a child during a divorce?

Answer 11

1. Don’t take out anger on the children
2. Don’t criticize the ex-spouse
3. Don’t ask children to solve parental problems

Question 12

What are the 5 different types of grandparents?

Answer 12

1. Influential grandparents
2. Supportive grandparents
3. Authority-oriented grandparents
4. Passive grandparents
5. Detached grandparents

Question 13

Which child in a line of siblings do parents tend to have the highest expectations for?

Answer 13

Oldest sibling

Question 14

What are some common traits of the oldest child?

Answer 14

Reliable, structured, cautious, controlling, achievers, perfectionistic

Question 15

What are some common traits of non-oldest children?

Answer 15

Peacemaking, rebellious, outgoing, attention-seeking, friendship-oriented

Question 16

What are some common traits of only children?

Answer 16

Selfishness, introversion, independence, spoiled, self-centred

Question 17

True or false: siblings have a direct influence on each other.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What is child maltreatment?

Answer 18

Child abuse, including neglect, domestic violence, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse

Question 19

What are some consequences of child maltreatment leading into adulthood?

Answer 19

Depression, substance abuse, high risk behaviours, perpetrating or being a victim of violence

Question 20

What are some factors that can lead to child maltreatment?

Answer 20

The attitude of the family, parents, approach to raising children, lack of adequate housing, poverty, social/cultural norms, high stress situations

Question 21

What are 4 ways to prevent child maltreatment?

Answer 21

1. Reducing chronic stress and provide resources to families living in poverty
2. Sharing knowledge on how to cope with negative emotions and stress
3. Early childhood intervention programs
4. Parenting skills programs

Question 22

What is maltreatment often a consequence of?

Answer 22

Ignorance and burden, not malice