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2023-2025 Year 12 A-Level Psychology > Social Influence: Dispositional Explanation of Obedience > Flashcards

Social Influence: Dispositional Explanation of Obedience Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of explanation is the dispositional explanation?

A

Internal

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2
Q

Why is the dispositional explanation considered an internal explanation?

A

It focuses on personality characteristics

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3
Q

What is suggested about the certain personality characteristics in relation to obedience levels?

A

Having certain personality characteristics may make someone MORE likely to obey.

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4
Q

What type of personality is the dispositional explanation?

A

Authoritarian Personality

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5
Q

The authoritarian personality focuses on what type of factors?

A

Internal factors

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6
Q

HOW does the authoritarian personality develop?

A

Through strict parenting in early childhood which makes an individual more obedient to authority figures.

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7
Q

What are some examples of strict parenting?

A

Extremely strict discipline (high levels of punishment), Impossibly high standards, severe criticisms of failings, expectations of loyalty

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8
Q

WHAT does an authoritarian personality look like? (What characteristics does an individual show?)

A
  • Extreme respect for authority and submission to them
  • See perceived authority as superior
  • Black and white thinking
  • strict adherence to social rules and hierarchies
    ALL which increase obedience.
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9
Q

How does someone with an authoritarian personality view an authority figure

A

As superior

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10
Q

Who does someone with an authoritarian personality view as superior?

A

Authority figures

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11
Q

If someone has an authoritarian personality, how does this affect their obedience?

A

They are more likely to obey

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12
Q

How is the authoritarian personality assessed?

A

Using the F-Scale

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13
Q

What research method does the F-Scale use?

A

Questionnaire

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14
Q

What is the issue with using a questionnaire like the F scale to measure personality characteristics?

A

Social desirability bias may occur where participants will lie to present themselves in the best possible light.

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15
Q

Who used the F-Scale to investigate the authoritarian personality?

A

Adorno

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16
Q

Who was Adorno’s sample?

A

2000+ Americans

17
Q

The authoritarian personality is a collection of __________________

A

Personality traits

18
Q

The authoritarian personality are associated with …

A

Higher levels of obedience

19
Q

AO3: Research to support the authoritarian personality was conducted by…

A

Milgram & Elms

20
Q

AO3: What did Milgram & Elms do?

A

They interviewed participants who had taken part in Milgram’s experiment and asked them to complete the F scale questionnaire to measure the levels of authoritarianism.

21
Q

AO3: What did Milgram & Elms find?

A

Higher levels of authoritarianism among those participants classified as obedient (who went all the way to 450v) compared to those classed as defiant (those who stopped at 300v).

22
Q

AO3: Why does Milgram & Elms support the authoritarian personality?

A

Because those who scored higher on the F-Scale were more likely to obey

23
Q

AO3: How could we criticise the F-Scale for being a questionnaire?

A

Social desirability

24
Q

What is meant by social desirability?

A

Changing your response / behaviour to be seen in a better light

25
Q

AO3: What type of validity does social desirability affect?

A

Internal validity

26
Q

What is meant by internal validity?

A

Is the researcher measuring what they intend to measure

27
Q

AO3: HOW may the participants have changed their responses on the F-Scale due to social desirability

A

To make themselves seem more obedient

28
Q

What is an alternative explanation to the dispositional explanation?

A

The situational explanation

29
Q

AO3: Does having an alternative explanation strengthen or weaken the dispositional explanation of obedience?

A

Weaken

30
Q

The authoritarian personality is what type of explanation for obedience?

A

Dispositional

31
Q

Having an authoritarian personality means that you are less likely to obey.

True or False

A

False - you are more likely to obey

32
Q

What is the questionnaire called which measures the authoritarian personality?

A

F-Scale

2023-2025 Year 12 A-Level Psychology (44 decks)

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