SOCIAL HISTORIES USING THE MAHABHARTA

Question 1

MAHBHARTA AND SOCIAL CHAANGES

mahabaharta is a collosal epic having … verses ?

Answer 1

1,00,000

Question 2

when did mahabharta composed ?

Answer 2

1000 years ago
c.500 BCE onwards

behaviour of various social groups

Question 3

critical edition of mahabbharta

when did this began

Answer 3

1919

Question 4

critical edition of mahabbharta

under the ledership of ?

Answer 4

sanskrist - VS SUKTHANKAR

Question 5

critical edition of mahabbharta

the critical edition completed in

Answer 5

47 years
published in several volumes
pages dedicated to footnotes and appendices = 13000

Question 6

finding about family

sanskrit terms for families and kinfolk

Answer 6

families - kula
kinfolk - jnati

Question 7

the idea of patriliny

descent from father to son . matriliny - mother to daughter .we learn about this from?

Answer 7

mahabharta - source

Question 8

rules of marriage

exogamy -

Answer 8

• marrying outside
• kanyadana

Question 9

when did dharmasutras and dharmashastras were come into picture -

Answer 9

c. 500 bce

manusmriti - 200 bce and 200 ce

Question 10

dharmashastras - recognised how many forms of marriage ?

Answer 10

eight[08]
first four - good
last four - bad

Question 11

types of marriage -

Answer 11

endogamy - within unit
exogamy - outside the unit
polygyny - man having several wives
polyandry - women having several husbands

Question 12

forms of marriage

from manussmriti -

Answer 12

first:gift daughter , dressing in costly clothes [man learned din the veda and father himself invites]
fourthgift of a daighter by the father after he has adressed couple with text
fifth bridegroom receives a maiden after much wealth
sixth voluntry union of maiden and her lover

Question 13

gotra of women

the brahmical practice of classifying people in terms of gotra gained prominance in

Answer 13

c. 1000 bce

Question 14

each gotra named after -

Answer 14

vedic seer and all those belong to same gotra are descendants .

Question 15

rules regarding gotras -

Answer 15

• women give up father gotras
• same gotra not married

Question 16

gotra case of satavahana rulers

Answer 16

• wives retained the name of theor father gotra aginst brahmins codes
• close knit or endogamy - is prevlaent in south
• satvahanas identifies through metronymics - named derived through mother

Question 17

social differeneces -

social order is identified by -

Answer 17

• birth
• sudras “untouchable”
• brahmins - top
• to justify - a verse in rigveda known as - purusha sukta
• brahmins - his mouth ; arms - kshatriya ; his thigh - vaishya ; feet - shudras

Question 18

social differeneces -

the “right” occupation - ideal occupation for four varnas

Answer 18

brahmans - vedas and religions
kshatriyas - warfare
vaishyas - agri and pastro
shudras - serve higher varnas

Question 19

non kshatriyas king -

mauryanns - described as

Answer 19

• kashtriys genrally
• bharamans text - low origin

Question 20

shungas and kanvas were -

Answer 20

were brahmins

Question 21

who are “ mlecchas’’

Answer 21

barbarians or outsiders

Question 22

SHAKA RULER - RUDRANMAN rebuilt wihich lake

Answer 22

sudarshana lake

Question 23

gutamiputra satakani was a

Answer 23

• brahanbs ruler - unique / only brahmans and detroyer of pride of kshatriyas

Question 24

# jatis and social mobility jatis shared common profession forms =

Answer 24

- shrenis and guilds

Question 25

who are "jatis"?

Answer 25

not into varna system

Question 26

the mandasor incription at mp - mention guild of

Answer 26

silk weavers - migrated from **lata[gujrat] to mandasor [dashapura]**

Question 27

mention of chanadals and untouchables - sources ?

Answer 27

* bhuddhist monk - **fa xian - 5th c.**- untouchable * chinese pilgrim - **xuan zang - 7th c.** - scavengers

Question 28

# gender acess to property according to the manusmriti -

Answer 28

paternal estate - equal divided into sons after parents death - special share for eldest * women - no share * both epigraphic and textual suggest **upper class women owns resources**

Question 29

**7** means of man to acquire - "wealth"

Answer 29

. inheritance * finding purchase * conquest * investment * work * acceptance of gifts

Question 30

**6** means to acquire wealth for women

Answer 30

* marriage or bridal procression * token of affection * got from brother , mother and father * gift * affectionat from husband * given in front of fire

Question 31

# varnas and acess to property ancient **tamilakam**[chiefdoms over 2000 years ago]

Answer 31

* tamil sangam - suggest differences * bhuddhist text

Question 32

# differences in social contract according to **sutta pitaka** humans are not

Answer 32

fully developed at the beginning later insidious and greedy nature - led to more differennce king taxes and all.

Question 33

LANGUAGE AND CONTENT OF MAHABHARTA-

Answer 33

* SANSKRIT MUCH SIMPLER. * CLASSIFIED IN **TWO**HEADS : **DIDACTIC AND NARATIVE** * DIDACTIC PORTION CONSIDERED AS A ADDITION TO MAHABHARTA . * **ITIHASA WITH EARLY SANSKRIT TRADITION**

Question 34

AUTHOR AND DATES OF MAHABHARTA

Answer 34

* OG COMPOSED BY CHARIOTEER BARDS -**SUTAS** ACCOMPANIED KSHRITYAS WARROR * WRITTEN DOWN IN - 5TH C. * ANOTHER PHASE OF COMPOSITION - [C. 200 BCE AND 200 CE] * VISHNU AND KRISHNA - IMP FIG. * B/W - C.200 AND 400 CE - DIDACTIC SECTIONS ADDDED

Question 35

SEARCH FOR CONVERGENCE IN MAHABHARTA

Answer 35

* NOT MANY CONVERGENCE FINDS ON BASIS OF TOWN PLANNING AND CLUTURE

Question 36

IN WHICH YEAR VISITED - SITE HASTINAPUR IN MEERUT UP

Answer 36

1951-52- BB LAL

Question 37

PREPARATION AND PUBLICATION OF CRITICAL EDITION OF MAHA BHARTA BEGIN

Answer 37

1919-66

Question 38

**ADI PARVAN** FIRST SECTION DESCRIBES

Answer 38

CONFLICT AMONG GAURAVAS AND PANDAVAS

Question 39

CITY HASTINAPUR MENTIONS IN

Answer 39

ADI PARVAM

Question 40

DRAUPADI , DAUAUGHTER OF DRUPADA[KING OF PANCHALA] WAS MENTIONED IN

Answer 40

INCARNATION INDIRAS WIFE BY SEER VYASA