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religious histories : the bhakti sufi tradition Flashcards

1
Q

what is great and little tradition?

A
  • coined by sociologist - Robert Redfield
  • in 20 th c.
  • dominant social categories - great
  • local practices - little
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2
Q

itegration of cult ttok place by two things -

A
  • renouncing brahmical beliefs
  • brahmans acccept and rework on their belief system

sanskritic puranic tradition and little tradion

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3
Q

20th C. - jagannatha [a form of vishnu] in -

A

puri , orissa

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4
Q

goddess were oftenly associated with forms of wordhip classified as -

A

tantric [ingnored caste and class]

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5
Q

the principal deities of the vedic pantheon

A

agni soma and indra - are not in visual representation

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6
Q

lower caste and the women considered as ………by brahmical framwork

A

outcast

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7
Q

who are saguna ?

A

with attributies - specific deity

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8
Q

who are nirguna ?

A

without attributies- abtract form of god

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9
Q

Alvars and Nayanars in tamil nadu

A
  • 6th c.
  • alvars - vishnu
  • nayanars - shiva
  • against brahmical norms
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10
Q

nalayira divyaprabandham meantion in

A

tamil veda

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11
Q

women devotees -

A
  • andal - alvars
  • karaikkal ammmaiyar - shiva devotee
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12
Q

pallavas and pandyas-patronised

A

buddhism and jainism

some tamil veda poet critcizes - buddhism and jainism

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13
Q

chola rulers supported -

A

brahmical norms and bhakti tradition of vishnu and shiva

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14
Q

temples - cholas constructed

A
  • chidambram
  • thanjavur
  • gangaikondacholapuram
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15
Q

shiva in bronze sculpture -

A

chola rulers

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16
Q

nayanmars and alvars were followed by

A

vellala peasants

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17
Q

the chola ruler - parantaka I constructed

A
  • appar
  • sambandar
  • sundrar - shiva temple
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18
Q

VIRASHAIVA TRADITION IN KARNATAKA

A
  • MOVEMENT LED BY BASAVANA[1106-68]
  • MINISTER KALACHURI RULER
  • VIRASHAIVAS - HEROES OF SHIVA
  • DERIVED FROM VACHNAS - SAYING
  • COMPOSED BY KANNADA WOMEN
    *
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19
Q

LINGAYATS

A

WEARER OF THE LINGA
THEY WEAR SILVER CASE ON A LOOP STRUNG OVER THE LEFT SHOULDER
* THEY BURIED BODY - AS THEY THINK THAT BODY WILL GET TO THE GOD AND NOT GET INCARNATED AGIAN.
* ENCOURAGED REMARRIAGE
* AGAINST CASTE NORMS - ‘POLLUTION’ CALLED IT.

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20
Q

NORTH INDIA -

A
  • VISHNU AND SHAIAVISM - COME AFTER 14 C.
  • RAJPUT STATES - BBRAHMANS - IMP POSITION
  • DELHI SULTANATE - TURKS IN 13 TH C.
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21
Q

ARAB MERCHANTS - LED TO ADVENT OF ISLAM IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF WORLD

A

7 C.

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22
Q

WHEN DID SINDH WAS CONQUERED

A

711 AD - MUHAMMMED QASIM
PART OD CALIPH DOMAIN
13TH C. - TURKS AND AFGANS - DEHI SULTANATE

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23
Q

EST. OF MUGHAL EMPIRE

A

16 CENTURY

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24
Q

MUSLIM ARE GUIDED BY

A

ULAMA
RULED CAOORDING TO SHARIA

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25
CATEGORY OF ZIMMI
PROTECTED * OTHER REIGION * TAX PAYED BY THEM **JIZYA**
26
05 PILLARS OF THE ISLAMIC FAITH :
1. ONE GOD ALLAH AND PROPHET MOHAMMMAD IS MESSANGER - **SHAHADA** 2. PRAYERS 05 TIMES A DAY :**NAMAZ /SALAT** 3. GIVE ALAMS - **ZAKAT** 4. FASTING AFTER MONTH OF RAMZAN - **SAWN** 5. PILGRIMAGES TO MECCA - **HAJJ**
27
ARAB MUSLIM SETTLED IN COAST OF MALABAR - KERALA
ADOPTED - MALYALAM LOCAL CUSTOMS
28
WHAT IS **MIRAB AND MINBAR**?
MIRAB - PRAYER NICHE \ MINBAR - PULPIT
29
COMMUNITIES NAME BASED ON ORIGIN :
* TURUSHKA - TURKISH * TAJIKA - TAJIKISTAN * PARSHIKA - PERSIA
30
MLECHCHHA ?
THEY DID NOT FOLLOW NORMS OF CASTE SYTEM SPOKE DIFFREENT LANGUAGE INSTEAD OF SANSKRIT
31
TASAWWUF ?
* SUFISM COINED IN - 19TH C. * ISLAMIC TEXT - SUFISM - KNOWN AS **TASAWWUF** * SUFI WORD DERRIVED FROM **SUF - WOOL** = REFER AS WOLLEN CLOTHERS WEARA BY SUFI * OTHER BELIEVED : **SAFA - PURITY AND SUFFA - OUTSIDE THE PROPHET MOSQUE**
32
SUFI PRACTICES AND TEXT BEGAN TO FLOURISH INTO A MOVEMENT
11 C.
33
SIFI BEGAN ORGINAZINF COMMUNITIES AROUND
**KHANQAHS AND HOSPICES[PLACES GIVE TEACHING] - CONTROLLED BY SHEIKH, PIR OR MURSHID. DISCIPLES = MURIDS SUCESSOR - KHALIFA
34
SUFI SILSILAS BEGAN APPEARING IN
12 C.
35
DARGAH
TOMB SHRINE OF SHEIKH
36
CHISHTIS ?
* APPEARED IN LATE 12TH C. * KHANQAH - CENTRE OF SOCIAL LIFE * HAD A BIG HALL - **JAMA AT KHANA** * LOCATED IN BANKS OF YAMUNA **[GIYASPUR]** IN THE CITY OF DELHI * POETS SUCH AS - **AMIR HASAN SIJZI** AND **AMIR KHUSRAU AND COURT HISTORIAN - ZIYAUDDIN BARANI - WROTE ABT SHEIKH** * **SHEIKH NIZAMMUDIN** LEADER
37
CHISTIS DEVELOPMENT : **ZIYARAT AND QAWWALI**
* ZIYARAT - TOMBS OF SUFI SAINTS * SUFI SPIRITUAL GROWTH - **BARAKAT** * **ZIKR- RECITING DEVINE NAME** OR AUDITION. * **SAMA** - INTERACTION WITH INDEGINUOUS DEVOTIONAL TRADITION
38
# THERE ARE 05 GEEAT CHISTIS PEOPLE USED TO VISIT THE MOST REVERED SHRINE IS OF
* KHWAJA MUINNUDDIN - "GARIN NAWAZ"
39
MUHHAMAD BIN TUGLAQ **FIRST** SULTAN TO VIST DARGAH AND VISITED TOMB FUNDED BY -
SULTAN GIYASUDDIN KHALJI
40
AKBAR VISITED DARGAH
14 TIES MAINTAINED TILL 1580
41
# LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION IN DELHI THEY USED
HINDAVI - LANGUAGE OF COMMON
42
WHICH SUFI SAINT COMPOSED POEMS ON LOCAL LANGUAGGE AND INCOPORATED IN **GURU GRANTH SAHIB** ?
SAINT BABA FARID
43
PADMAVAD COMPOSED BY
MALIK MUHAMMAD JAYSI : PADMANI AND RATAN SIGH - CHITTOR
44
WHERE SUFI POETRY COMPOSED IN "**DAKHANI"**?
KARANTAKA AND BIJAPUR
45
OTHER FORMS OF SAMA -
* LURINAMA - LULLABY * SHADINAMA - WEDDINGS SONGS * INSPIRED BY KANNADA VACHNAS OF **LINGAYATS AND MARATHI ABHANGS SAINTS OF PANDHARPUR**
46
sufis accepted unsolicitated grants of sultans - **charitable trust** called
auqaf tax free land - INAMI
47
nizamuddin auliya addressed as -
sultan ul mashaikh[sultan amongst sheikh]
48
suhrawardi under the delhi sultans and the ............mughals were also asossiated with the state .
**Naqshbandi**
49
weaving a divine fabric : **KABIR**
* POET SAINT OF THE 14th- 15th century. * **Hagiographies** -of vaishnava tradition suggest - * hindu - born * he bought up by weavers[julahas] * bhakti - **guru ramananda**
50
the .......is preserved by the **kabirpanth**[the path or sect of kabir] in **varanasi and uttar pradesh.**
kabir bijak
51
the **kabir granthavali** is associated with the -
* dadupanth in rajasthan * composition found in **adi granth sahib**
52
kabir uses language of nirguna poets -
* the sant bhasha * ulatbansi - upside down saying * he uses terms like - allah kuda hazrat and pir * also used certain terms - brahamn and atmar * attacked hindu idol worship
53
Baba guru Nanak and the sacred word -
* village in **nankana sahib**near **ravi river** * punjab region - 1469 * studied persian * advocated for **nirguna** bhakti * absolute or 'rab' * hyms called **shabad**
54
he appinted on of his disciple , called ...........to succeded him as a preceptor [guru]
Angad
55
guru nanak - fifth guru compiled
*guru nanaks hyms* four successors too and baba farid , ravidas and kabir **adi granth sahib** hyms called **gurbani**
56
the tenth guru - **guru gobind singh** included composition of
**ninth guru** *Guru teg bahadur* called **guru granth sahib**
57
guru gobind singh also laid foundation of =
khalsa panth [army of the pure ]
58
five symbol of khalsa panth -
* uncut hair * dagger * a pair of shorts * a comb * steel bangle
59
mirabai
* princess of merta in marwar * 15th -16th c. * she believed - **raidas** a leather worker is his preceptor * songs - low caste in gujrat and rajasthan
60
shankradev
- late 15th c. - teaching **bhagvati dharma**' - based on bhagvat gita and bhagavata purana - need fofr **naam kitran** - est. **satra or monasteries**
61
basavanna vachnanas used to know about -
mughal empire
62
sufi texts and treaty
**kashuf ul mahjub of ali bin usman hujwri** - died c. 1071
63
malfuzat [uttered conversation of sufi saint] - example
**fawa id al faud**
64
about **fawa id al faud** **malfuzat**
* conversation with NIZAMUDDIN AULIYA * compiled by - Amir Hasan Sijzi Dehlavi [persian poet] *
65
WHAT IS **MAKTUBAT**- WRITTEN COLLECTIONOF LETTERS
* BY SUFI MASTERS
66
ABOUT **MAKTUBAT I IMAM RABBANI OF THE 17TH C.**
* NAQSBANDI SHAIKH AHMAD SIRHINDI D, 1614 * IDEOLOGY CONTRASTED WITH AKBAR * LIBERAL
67
TAZKIRAS = TO MENTION OR MEMORialisE . NAME ON OF IT
**TAZKIRA = AKHBAR UL AKHYAR OF ABDUL HAQQ MUHADDIS DELAHAVI**
68
FIRST SUFI TAZKIRA
* 14 C. * SIYAR UL AULIYA OF MIR KHWURD KIRMANI * CHISTI SAINTS
69
SANGAT TERMS MEANS
CONGREGATIONAL WORSHIP BABA GURU NANAK
70
MAJOR SUFI TEACHERS OF **CHISTI SILSILAA**
MUINNUDDIN SIJZI - AJMER RAJASTHAN KHWAJA QUTBUDDIN BAKHTIYAR [DELHI] SHEIKH FARIDUDDIN [AJODHAN,PAK] NIZAUDDIN AULIYA[DELHI] NASIRUDDIN CHIRAG [DELHI]
71
SONG SET TO THE RYTHYM OF SPINNING WHEEL
CHARKHANAMA

History (8 decks)

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