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History > political and economic history : inscriptions > Flashcards

political and economic history : inscriptions Flashcards

1
Q

rig veda - composed in the time of

A

agriculture prevalent

  • new methods come
  • in burial
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2
Q

making of eleborate stone structure known as

A

MEGALITHS[emerged in central and south india from - first millenum BCE]

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3
Q

early states and kingdoms emerged from -

A

6 c. bce

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4
Q

who deciphered - brahmi and kharosthi scripts

A

JAMES PRINCEP - 1838

ENGRAVED OVER STONE METAL AND POTTERY

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5
Q

language of earliest inscription?

A

prakrit

some terms in - sanskrit , pali and tamil

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6
Q

king was refered as -

A

priyadassi
‘pleasant to behold’
few text also mentioned : ashoka

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7
Q

Janapada ?

A

land where “jan”sets its foot or settlers .
language - both sanskrit and prakrit

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8
Q

early sates , cities , the growing use of iron , the development of coinage etc. is associated with which centuary ?

A

6th century BCE

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9
Q

how many mahajanapadads ?

A

16

  • bhuddhist and jaina text
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10
Q

some of the Mahajanapadas -

A
  • vajii, magadha , koshala ,kuru , panchala , gandhara and avanti
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11
Q

mahajanapads were ruled by -

A

king or oligarchies- [ruled by a grp of elite individulas]
gana sanghas

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12
Q

both bhudda and mahavira belong to -

A

oligarchies

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13
Q

each mahajanapadas have fortified

A

capital

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14
Q

what did brahammnaas composed from 6th c. onwards ?

A

dharamasutras

  • rules for rulers
  • taxes and tribute
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15
Q

raids in nearby state consider as -

A

legitimate source of aquiring wealth

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16
Q

Anga - capital and modern location

A

champa
-munger& bhagalpur

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17
Q

MAGADH - CAPITAL AND MODERN LOCATION

A

RAJAGIR/GIRIVRAJA
GAYA&PATNA

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18
Q

KASI - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • KASI
  • BANARAS
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19
Q

VATSA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • KAUSAMBI
  • ALLAHABAD
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20
Q

KOSALA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • SRAVASTI
  • EASTERN UP
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21
Q

SAURASENA

A
  • MATHURA
  • MATHURA
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22
Q

PANCHALA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

ACHICHCHATRA AND KAMPILYA
-WESTERN UP

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23
Q

KURU - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • INDRAPRASTHA
  • MEERUT AND SE HARYANA
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24
Q

MATSYA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

VIRATNAGAR
- JAIPUR

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25
CHEDI
- SOTHIVATI / BANDA - - BUNDELKHAND
26
AVANTI - CAPITAL AND LOCATION
UJJAIN/MAHISMATI -MAHESHMATI , MALWA
27
GANDHAR - CAPITAL AND LOCATION
TAXILA *RAWALPINDI
28
KAMBOJ - CAPITAL AND LOCATION
POONCH/RAJPORA [**-RAJORI AND HAJRA -KASHMIR**]
29
ASMAKA - CAPITALA AND LOCATION
PRATISTHAN/PAITHAN - BANK OF GODAVARI
30
VAJJI - CAPITAL AND LOCATION
- VAISHALI - VAISHALI
31
MALLA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION
KUSINARA -DEORIA/UP
32
MAGADHA
[6TH-4THC.]most powerful mahajanapadas. * rulers - bimbisara, ajatshatru and mahapadma nanda. *** rajagaha [prakrit name]**-capital shifted to**patliputra**- communication ganga
33
PATALIPUTRA
* Village pataligrama 5th bce - capital shifted * 4 th c. - largest capital in world * declined - chinese pilgrimage **xuan zang** - 7th CE - found it in ruin
34
mauryan empire - sources
* **megasthenese- greek ambadassor - indica** * **arthshastra - kautilya** * bhuddism and puranic texts +sanskrit literature - mauryans * **ashoka first inscribes msg.
35
dhamma msg -
* respect towards elders * generosity - brahamnas and renunciants * gentle treatment towards slaves * all religion and traditons respects
36
megasthenese - **6 sub committeee** - military coordination
* afer navy * trasport and provisions * foot soldiers * after the horse * chariots * maintence of elephants
37
five major political centres in mauryan centres -
capital - patatliputra provincial - * taxila * ujjain * tosali * suvarnagiri
38
taxila and ujjain used for -
major trade
39
suvarnagiri - kkarnataka - major source of
gold
40
south kingdoms -
- CHOLAS - PANDYAS [TAMILAKAM]
41
SATVAHANAS RULED ?
- WEST AND CENTRAL INDIA
42
SHAKAS RULED ?
- NORTH WESTERN PART OF SUBCONTINENT
43
CHIEF AND CHEIFDOMS
* THERE ARE NO REGULAR ARMIES OR OFFICILAS IN CHEIFDOMS * THEY ARE HEADS
44
KUSANA RULERS - DIVINE STATUS - THEY RULED ?
- [1 C. BCE TO 1 C. CE] CENTRAL ASIA TO NORTH WEST AND NORTH INDIA * COINS AND SCULPTURE - EVIDENCE
45
COLOSSAL STATUES OF KUSHANAS FOUNDED IN
SHRINE AT - MAT NEAR MATHURA ALSO - AFGANISTHAN
46
MANY KUSHANAS ADOPTED TITLE OF -
DEVAPUTRA - SONS OF GOD ## Footnote **INSPIRED BY CHINESE CALLED THEM - SONS OF HEAVEN**
47
GUPTA EMPIRE - 4TH C. CE
* DEPENDED ON **SAMATAS** - LOCAL RESOURCES * LITERATURE COINS AND INSCRIPTIONS
48
"PRASHASTIS?"
PRAISE OF KINGS
49
PRAYAG PRASHASTHI -
GLORIFYING SAMUDRAGUPTA **SANSKRIT BY HARISHENA** ## Footnote COURT POET SAMUDRAGUPTA
50
JATAKAS AND PANCHTANTRA
* JATAKAS - PALI - MIDDLE FIRST MILLENIUM CE
51
GANDATINDU JATAKA
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WICKED KING AND HIS SUBJECTS
52
SHIFT TO PLOUGH AGRICULTURE AROUND
- 6 C. BCE - ALLUVIAL SOIL - GANGA RIVER - IRON PLOUGH - PADDY - GROWTH INCREASED - IRRIGATION THROUGH - WELLS AND CANALS -
53
BHUDDHIST TEXT - DIFFERENTIATION B/W PEOPLE INCLUDES
- **GAHAPATIS**- SECOND AND THIRD CATEGORIES -N PALI TEXT - **TAMIL LITERATURE** - SANGAM TEXTS - **VELLAR , - PLOUGHMEN - UZHAVAR - SLAVES - ADIMAI
54
GAHAPATIS -
* Owner , master and head * control over women ,slaves and children * ressources
55
Manusmriti
* best known legal texts - early india * sanskrit * c. second bce and c. second CE
56
land grants -
* cooper plates ** two arguments** * for expansion * weaking of ruler
57
prbhavati gupta -
* daughter of chandragupta II - [375 -415 ce ] * married vatakas [dynasty of deccan] * sanskrit legal texts * indpendent spurces
58
pataliputa used for
- busy reverine trading route
59
ujjayini was on
land trade route
60
puhar was
near the coast
61
mathura was
bustling centres - commercial , cultural and political activities
62
63
trade beyond sub continent -
* arabian sea - east * north africa * west asia * china
64
successful merchanants designated as -
* **masattuvan** - tamil * sethis * satthavahas - **prakrit**
65
punch marked coins made of
silver and cooper - 6th c. bce onwards ## Footnote *earliest to be minted and used*
66
......... were **first to issue coins bearing** the image and name of rulers
INDO GREEKS
67
# COINS AND KINGS THE LARGEST NO. OF GOLD COIND ISSUED BY ?
KUSHANAAS - WEIGHT OF CONTEMPORARY ROMAN AND PATHIAN RULERS
68
# KINGS AND COINS COINS WERE ISSUED BY TRIBAL REBUPLICS SUCH AS -
* YAUDHEYAS OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA [ FIRST CENTURY CE ]
69
THE GUPTAS COINS ARE KNOWN FOR REMARKABLE -
PURITY
70
# DECIPHERING BRAHMI AND KHAROSTHI BRAHMI -
* MOST ASHOKAN INCRIPTIONS * EUROPEAN+INDIAN PANDITS - BENGALI AND DEVANAGRI * EARLIEST KNOWN - PRAKRIT NOT SANSKRIT * JAMES PRINCEP - 1838
71
# DECIPHERING BRAHMI AND KHAROSTHI KHAROSTHI -
* NORTHWESTERN PART * COINS OF THE INDO GREEK RULERS * COMAPRISION OF THE BOTH SCRIPTS
72
1888
FIRST USSUE EPIGRAPHIA INDICA
73
1877
CUNNIGHAM - PUBLISHES ASHOKAN INCRIPTIONS
74
1784
ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL - FOUNDED
75
AGRAHARA ?
LAND GRANTED TO BRAHMINS

History (8 decks)

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