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political and economic history : inscriptions Flashcards

1
Q

rig veda - composed in the time of

A

agriculture prevalent

  • new methods come
  • in burial
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2
Q

making of eleborate stone structure known as

A

MEGALITHS[emerged in central and south india from - first millenum BCE]

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3
Q

early states and kingdoms emerged from -

A

6 c. bce

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4
Q

who deciphered - brahmi and kharosthi scripts

A

JAMES PRINCEP - 1838

ENGRAVED OVER STONE METAL AND POTTERY

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5
Q

language of earliest inscription?

A

prakrit

some terms in - sanskrit , pali and tamil

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6
Q

king was refered as -

A

priyadassi
‘pleasant to behold’
few text also mentioned : ashoka

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7
Q

Janapada ?

A

land where “jan”sets its foot or settlers .
language - both sanskrit and prakrit

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8
Q

early sates , cities , the growing use of iron , the development of coinage etc. is associated with which centuary ?

A

6th century BCE

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9
Q

how many mahajanapadads ?

A

16

  • bhuddhist and jaina text
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10
Q

some of the Mahajanapadas -

A
  • vajii, magadha , koshala ,kuru , panchala , gandhara and avanti
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11
Q

mahajanapads were ruled by -

A

king or oligarchies- [ruled by a grp of elite individulas]
gana sanghas

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12
Q

both bhudda and mahavira belong to -

A

oligarchies

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13
Q

each mahajanapadas have fortified

A

capital

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14
Q

what did brahammnaas composed from 6th c. onwards ?

A

dharamasutras

  • rules for rulers
  • taxes and tribute
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15
Q

raids in nearby state consider as -

A

legitimate source of aquiring wealth

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16
Q

Anga - capital and modern location

A

champa
-munger& bhagalpur

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17
Q

MAGADH - CAPITAL AND MODERN LOCATION

A

RAJAGIR/GIRIVRAJA
GAYA&PATNA

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18
Q

KASI - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • KASI
  • BANARAS
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19
Q

VATSA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • KAUSAMBI
  • ALLAHABAD
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20
Q

KOSALA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • SRAVASTI
  • EASTERN UP
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21
Q

SAURASENA

A
  • MATHURA
  • MATHURA
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22
Q

PANCHALA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

ACHICHCHATRA AND KAMPILYA
-WESTERN UP

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23
Q

KURU - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • INDRAPRASTHA
  • MEERUT AND SE HARYANA
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24
Q

MATSYA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

VIRATNAGAR
- JAIPUR

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25
Q

CHEDI

A
  • SOTHIVATI / BANDA
    • BUNDELKHAND
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26
Q

AVANTI - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

UJJAIN/MAHISMATI
-MAHESHMATI , MALWA

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27
Q

GANDHAR - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

TAXILA
*RAWALPINDI

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28
Q

KAMBOJ - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

POONCH/RAJPORA
[-RAJORI AND HAJRA -KASHMIR]

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29
Q

ASMAKA - CAPITALA AND LOCATION

A

PRATISTHAN/PAITHAN
- BANK OF GODAVARI

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30
Q

VAJJI - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A
  • VAISHALI
  • VAISHALI
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31
Q

MALLA - CAPITAL AND LOCATION

A

KUSINARA
-DEORIA/UP

32
Q

MAGADHA

A

[6TH-4THC.]most powerful mahajanapadas.
* rulers - bimbisara, ajatshatru and mahapadma nanda.
* rajagaha [prakrit name]-capital shifted topatliputra- communication ganga

33
Q

PATALIPUTRA

A
  • Village pataligrama

5th bce - capital shifted
* 4 th c. - largest capital in world
* declined - chinese pilgrimage xuan zang - 7th CE - found it in ruin

34
Q

mauryan empire - sources

A
  • megasthenese- greek ambadassor - indica
  • arthshastra - kautilya
  • bhuddism and puranic texts +sanskrit literature - mauryans
  • **ashoka first inscribes msg.
35
Q

dhamma msg -

A
  • respect towards elders
  • generosity - brahamnas and renunciants
  • gentle treatment towards slaves
  • all religion and traditons respects
36
Q

megasthenese - 6 sub committeee - military coordination

A
  • afer navy
  • trasport and provisions
  • foot soldiers
  • after the horse
  • chariots
  • maintence of elephants
37
Q

five major political centres in mauryan centres -

A

capital - patatliputra
provincial -
* taxila
* ujjain
* tosali
* suvarnagiri

38
Q

taxila and ujjain used for -

A

major trade

39
Q

suvarnagiri - kkarnataka - major source of

40
Q

south kingdoms -

A
  • CHOLAS
  • PANDYAS
    [TAMILAKAM]
41
Q

SATVAHANAS RULED ?

A
  • WEST AND CENTRAL INDIA
42
Q

SHAKAS RULED ?

A
  • NORTH WESTERN PART OF SUBCONTINENT
43
Q

CHIEF AND CHEIFDOMS

A
  • THERE ARE NO REGULAR ARMIES OR OFFICILAS IN CHEIFDOMS
  • THEY ARE HEADS
44
Q

KUSANA RULERS - DIVINE STATUS - THEY RULED ?

A
  • [1 C. BCE TO 1 C. CE] CENTRAL ASIA TO NORTH WEST AND NORTH INDIA
  • COINS AND SCULPTURE - EVIDENCE
45
Q

COLOSSAL STATUES OF KUSHANAS FOUNDED IN

A

SHRINE AT - MAT NEAR MATHURA
ALSO - AFGANISTHAN

46
Q

MANY KUSHANAS ADOPTED TITLE OF -

A

DEVAPUTRA
- SONS OF GOD

INSPIRED BY CHINESE CALLED THEM - SONS OF HEAVEN

47
Q

GUPTA EMPIRE - 4TH C. CE

A
  • DEPENDED ON SAMATAS - LOCAL RESOURCES
  • LITERATURE COINS AND INSCRIPTIONS
48
Q

“PRASHASTIS?”

A

PRAISE OF KINGS

49
Q

PRAYAG PRASHASTHI -

A

GLORIFYING SAMUDRAGUPTA
SANSKRIT BY HARISHENA

COURT POET SAMUDRAGUPTA

50
Q

JATAKAS AND PANCHTANTRA

A
  • JATAKAS - PALI - MIDDLE FIRST MILLENIUM CE
51
Q

GANDATINDU JATAKA

A

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WICKED KING AND HIS SUBJECTS

52
Q

SHIFT TO PLOUGH AGRICULTURE AROUND

A
  • 6 C. BCE
  • ALLUVIAL SOIL - GANGA RIVER
  • IRON PLOUGH
  • PADDY - GROWTH INCREASED
  • ## IRRIGATION THROUGH - WELLS AND CANALS
53
Q

BHUDDHIST TEXT - DIFFERENTIATION B/W PEOPLE INCLUDES

A
  • GAHAPATIS- SECOND AND THIRD CATEGORIES -N PALI TEXT
  • TAMIL LITERATURE - SANGAM TEXTS - **VELLAR ,
  • PLOUGHMEN - UZHAVAR
  • SLAVES - ADIMAI
54
Q

GAHAPATIS -

A
  • Owner , master and head
  • control over women ,slaves and children
  • ressources
55
Q

Manusmriti

A
  • best known legal texts - early india
  • sanskrit
  • c. second bce and c. second CE
56
Q

land grants -

A
  • cooper plates
    ** two arguments**
  • for expansion
  • weaking of ruler
57
Q

prbhavati gupta -

A
  • daughter of chandragupta II - [375 -415 ce ]
  • married vatakas [dynasty of deccan]
  • sanskrit legal texts
  • indpendent spurces
58
Q

pataliputa used for

A
  • busy reverine trading route
59
Q

ujjayini was on

A

land trade route

60
Q

puhar was

A

near the coast

61
Q

mathura was

A

bustling centres - commercial , cultural and political activities

63
Q

trade beyond sub continent -

A
  • arabian sea - east
  • north africa
  • west asia
  • china
64
Q

successful merchanants designated as -

A
  • masattuvan - tamil
  • sethis
  • satthavahas - prakrit
65
Q

punch marked coins made of

A

silver and cooper - 6th c. bce onwards

earliest to be minted and used

66
Q

……… were first to issue coins bearing the image and name of rulers

A

INDO GREEKS

67
Q

COINS AND KINGS

THE LARGEST NO. OF GOLD COIND ISSUED BY ?

A

KUSHANAAS - WEIGHT OF CONTEMPORARY ROMAN AND PATHIAN RULERS

68
Q

KINGS AND COINS

COINS WERE ISSUED BY TRIBAL REBUPLICS SUCH AS -

A
  • YAUDHEYAS OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA [ FIRST CENTURY CE ]
69
Q

THE GUPTAS COINS ARE KNOWN FOR REMARKABLE -

70
Q

DECIPHERING BRAHMI AND KHAROSTHI

BRAHMI -

A
  • MOST ASHOKAN INCRIPTIONS
  • EUROPEAN+INDIAN PANDITS - BENGALI AND DEVANAGRI
  • EARLIEST KNOWN - PRAKRIT NOT SANSKRIT
  • JAMES PRINCEP - 1838
71
Q

DECIPHERING BRAHMI AND KHAROSTHI

KHAROSTHI -

A
  • NORTHWESTERN PART
  • COINS OF THE INDO GREEK RULERS
  • COMAPRISION OF THE BOTH SCRIPTS
72
Q

1888

A

FIRST USSUE EPIGRAPHIA INDICA

73
Q

1877

A

CUNNIGHAM - PUBLISHES ASHOKAN INCRIPTIONS

74
Q

1784

A

ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL - FOUNDED

75
Q

AGRAHARA ?

A

LAND GRANTED TO BRAHMINS

History (8 decks)

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