Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PE > Social Cultural Influences + ethical issues > Flashcards

Social Cultural Influences + ethical issues Flashcards

1
Q

What is a role model?

A

A person who is looked up to and is likely to by imitated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is commercialisation?

A

The management or exploitation of a person, organisation or activity to make a profit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the media?

A

A range of technologies that act as a means of mass communication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is sponsorship?

A

Provision of funds or other forms of support to an event, activity, organisation or person in return for commercial gain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 5 social groups?

A
  1. Gender
  2. Ethnicity
  3. Age
  4. Disability
  5. Friends, family and peers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of how gender affects participation?

A
  1. Less media coverage
  2. Less sponsorship/ prize money/ salaries
  3. Less time to participate in sport due to children
  4. Women seen as weaker
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is ethnicity?

A

The ethnic group which you belong to.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an ethnic group?

A

A social group that share the same cultural traditions and religion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does ethnicity affect participation?

A
  1. People from an ethnic minority being limited to the sport that is associated with that ethnic group.
  2. Dress code.
  3. Fasting.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does an older age have a positive impact on a performer?

A

More experience and time to develop skills.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What 5 things decreases an older persons suitability for sport?

A
  1. Less flexible
  2. Less strong
  3. Lower oxygen capacity
  4. Injuries
  5. More chance of disorders and diseases.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What one thing increases an older persons suitability for sport?

A

Skill level increase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does age affect flexibility?

A

High in teens but then decrease with age.
Age combining with weight gain will reduce flexibility.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does age affect strength?

A

Maximal strength in late teens or twenties. Decreases as we get older from there.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does age affect oxygen capacity?

A

Decreases with age and heart becomes less efficient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do arteries change with age?

A

Lose their elasticity, which increases blood pressure and reduces blood flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How to the likeliness of disorders and disease change with age?

A

Increases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What 3 ways can family encourage participation in sport?

A
  1. Providing equipment
  2. Providing transport
  3. Becoming a role model
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does becoming a role model encourage participation?

A

When one family member participates in sport other family members are more likely to.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a peer?

A

A person who is equal to another in abilities, qualifications, age, background and social status.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a disability?

A

A physical or mental impairment that has a long-term effect on a person’s ability to carry out normal daily activities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are 3 barriers that affect a disabled persons contribution in sport?

A
  1. Limited transport options.
  2. Facilities not adapted to cater for disabled people.
  3. Many reliant on disability benefits = limited disposable income.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are 4 ways in which sponsorship supports sport?

A
  1. Equipment
  2. Athletes disposable income
  3. Facilities
  4. Technology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a positive impact of technology on performers?

A

Can analyse their results.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are 2 negatives impact of technology on performers?

A

Media negativity
Can disrupt play - putting performer at a psychological disadvantage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a positive impact of technology on sport?

A

More accurate and fair results.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are some negative impacts of technology on sport?

A

Disrupt play and slow down the game.
Negative publicity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are some positive impacts of technology on officials?

A

Better-made decisions
Can communicate with other officials.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are some negative impacts of technology on officials?

A

Undermine their authority.
Become reliant on technology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are some positive impacts of technology on spectators?

A

Engages audience - tension and excitement
Analysis of game.
Reassures spectators the decision is correct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are some negative impacts of technology on spectators?

A

Annoying when play is disrupted.
Poor behaviour when decision is not made through technology.
Can cause problems if audience at home have access to information that the officials don’t.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are some positive impacts of technology on sponsors/ companies?

A

Can increase profit through media campaigns.
Ensures fair play and therefore good image, reflecting well on the sponsee.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is a negative impacts of technology on sponsors/companies?

A

If sponsee acts badly, media will expose them - lose funding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is etiquette?

A

An unwritten rule in a activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is an example of etiquette in sport?

A

When the ball is kicked out of play when a player is injured.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is sportsmanship?

A

Conforming to the rules, etiquette, and spirit of a sport regardless of whether you win or lose.

37
Q

What is an example of sportsmanship in sport?

A

When a batsman will “walk” when a ball they hit is caught, but the umpire didn’t hear it, so they are not called out.

38
Q

What is gamesmanship?

A

Attempting to gain an advantage, by stretching the rules to their limit.

39
Q

What is an example of gamesmanship in sport?

A

Keepers holding on to the ball for as long as possible.

40
Q

What is a contract to complete?

A

An unwritten agreement between opponents to follow and abide by the written rules of the sport.

41
Q

What is an example of a contract to complete in sport?

A

Not arguing with officials, playing to your best ability, not taking PED’s, showing sportsmanlike behaviour.

42
Q

What are stimulants?

A

They have an impact on the CNS and increase mental and physical alertness.

43
Q

What CoF do stimulants improve?

A

Reaction time.

44
Q

What are the disadvantages of stimulants?

A

Insomnia
High blood pressure
Addiction - overdose can kill you
Increased risk of anxiety and tremors

45
Q

What are narcotic analgesics?

A

Reduce the feeling of pain.

46
Q

Where are stimulants used?

A

Sprinting to improve reaction time.
Cycling to help maintain focus and performance.

47
Q

Why are narcotic analgesics taken?

A

Reduce pain.
Mask the pain of overtraining - meaning they can train harder than their competitors.

48
Q

What are some disadvantages of narcotic analgesics?

A

Loss of apathy
Worsen injury
Loss of concentration and balance
Respiratory problems

49
Q

What are anabolic agents?

A

Promote muscle and bone growth and reduce recovery time.
They mimic testosterone.

50
Q

What CoF do anabolic agents improve?

A

Muscular strength and power.

51
Q

What sports would you use narcotic analgesics?

A

Football
Rugby
Hockey

52
Q

What effect does anabolic agents have on the level of training?

A

Can train harder and more frequently.

53
Q

What are the disadvantages of anabolic agents?

A

High blood pressure
Increased risk of heart attacks/strokes
Infertility
Liver disease
Increased risk of muscle injury

54
Q

What sports would you use anabolic agents?

A

Sprinting
Weight lifting

55
Q

What are peptide hormones?

A

Stimulate the production of naturally occurring hormones (e.g. EPO).

56
Q

Where is EPO produced?

A

Kidneys.

57
Q

Why are peptide hormones taken?

A

Increase red blood cell count/ oxygen carrying capacity.
Can perform for longer periods of time.

58
Q

What are the disadvantages of peptide hormones?

A

Thickens blood - increasing risk of heart attack/stroke.

59
Q

What sports are peptide hormones taken for?

A

Cycling
Long distance running.

60
Q

What are diuretic drugs?

A

Remove fluid from the body, increasing rate of urination.

61
Q

Why are diuretic drugs taken?

A

To lose weight quickly - to fit in a set weight category.
To reduce concentration of other illegal substances by removing it from body quickly.

62
Q

What are the side effects of diuretic drugs?

A

Dehydration - headaches, dizziness, nausea, kidney problems, muscle cramps.

63
Q

What sports are diuretics taken for?

A

Horse riding
Boxing / martial arts

64
Q

What is blood doping?

A

Method that involves removing blood a few weeks before competition and the reinjecting it prior to competition.

65
Q

Why do people use blood doping?

A

Increases oxygen carrying capacity.

66
Q

What CoF do peptide hormones improve?

A

Cardiovascular fitness

67
Q

What Cof does blood doping improve?

A

Cardiovascular fitness

68
Q

What are the side effects of blood doping?

A

Formation of blood clots.
Overload of circulatory system could lead to heart attack/stroke

69
Q

What are beta blockers?

A

Used to steady nerves by controlling heart rate. They have a calming and relaxing effect.

70
Q

What CoF do beta blockers improve?

A

Balance
Co-ordination

71
Q

Why do people take beta blockers?

A

Improve fine motor control and preciseness.
Reduce heart rate.

72
Q

What are the side effect of beta blockers?

A

Nausea
Tiredness and weakness
Insomnia
Nightmares
Depression

73
Q

What sports are beta blockers used for?

A

Archery
Darts
Snooker

74
Q

What is hooliganism?

A

Rowdy, destructive and violent behaviour.

75
Q

What are the reasons for hooliganism?

A

Alcohol
Gang culture
Ritualised behaviour to show masculinity
Frustration at referees decision or teams performance.

76
Q

What are the methods used to avoid people being drunk at games?

A

Alcohol bans in and around grounds.
Early kick offs to prevent the excessive consumption of alcohol prior to the game

77
Q

What is a method used to stop individuals from going to football games?

A

Prevention of known hooligans being at matches / events.

78
Q

What security methods do stadiums use to prevent hooliganism?

A

Policing and stewarding improves crowd control.
Use of CCTV cameras at grounds allows spectators to be monitored.

79
Q

How do some stadiums prevent hooliganism to do with seating arrangements?

A

Segregation of fans.

80
Q

What are the advantages for taking PED’s on performers?

A

Increase chance of winning due to higher performance levels.
More success means more money and a secure life financially.
Greater recognition or fame for the performer.

81
Q

What are the disadvantages of taking PED’s on the performer?

A

Negatively effect health.
Performers will face lengthy bans if caught.
If caught a performers reputation will be ruined which could lead to loss of income and sponsors or released from team.

82
Q

What are the disadvantages of taking PED’s for the sport?

A

Sports lose credibility and gain a ban reputation.
Due to this sports find in more difficult to attract sponsors causing less money being invested in the sport.
Participation rates could fall due to people not wanting to be associated with a sport.

83
Q

What are the positive effects of commercialisation on performers?

A

Allows them to earn income as a full-time job.
Leads to new roles within the sport when they retire.
Promote personal brand.
Better facilities and equipment.

84
Q

What are the negative effects of commercialisation on performers?

A

Increased amount of pressure.
Performers may have to advertise a product that they do not like.
The performer has to make additional commitments beside from training..
Any negative publicity may result in a loss of sponsorship.

85
Q

What are the positive effects of commercialisation on the sport?

A

Raises the profile of the sport due to increased exposure - more people want to participate.
Provides an increased level of funding - giving the sport financial security.
Improvement in standard of play.
Create more role models.

86
Q

What are the negative effects of commercialisation on the sport?

A

Commercialisation tends to support the popular sports leaving the ‘lesser’ sports to lose out and participation rates dropping if not in the media.
Losing sporting traditions.
Lower attendances at events as it is seen on TV.
Negative publicity on drugs leads to less people wanting to play the sport.

87
Q

What are the positive effects of commercialisation on the spectators?

A

More opportunities to watch different sports
Better facilities / stadiums to watch the sports.
Due to new rules, more exciting games e.g. 20 / 20 cricket.
More role models for them to see.

88
Q

What are the negative effects of commercialisation on the spectators?

A

Can become very expensive for fans/spectators.
Media coverage can promote events leading to problems accommodating all of those who wish to attend.
Media coverage can decrease the number of people attending becausethey can watch it in comfort at home.

PE (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions