Social Cultural DIversity Flashcards
America has been called the most diverse country on the planet. When counseling a client from a different social or cultural background is called…
cross-cultural, multicultural, and intercultural counseling.
multicultural celebrate what?
diversity: age, sex, religion, social class, nationality, health, etc.
cultural pluralism states
minority groups keep their cultural value but conform to majority culture.
Culture refers to
-belief, attitudes, language, art that have been passed down from generation to generation.
-customs shared by a group
-values that are learned/common within the group
What does macroculture and majority culture refer to?
dominant culture that is widely accepted
Our culture is more diverse than in the past. Multicultural counselors often work with ppl culturally different
belongs to a different culture than the counselor
In order to diagnose clients from a different culture one must
research and gain info on specifics og the culture
In the U.S. each socioeconomic group represents
a separate culture
What therapist was NOT part of the early social psychology movement?
Eric Berne
_____and_____would say that regardless to culture, humans have an instinct to fight.
Freud; Lorenz.
Freud believed ppl are fueled by aggression and sex. Lorenz “innate aggression theory”.
______believe that aggression is learned. This means that a child who witnesses aggressive behavior in adults might imitate that behavior.
Social Learning Theory aka Observation Learning.
The APGA, turned to AACD until 1992 and is now ACA, states growth of cross-cultural counseling to
1972 formation of association of non-white concerns in personnel and guidance later known as Multicultural Counseling and Development.
Daniel Levinson proposed a controversial stage-crisis view theory with several major life changes
He said midlife crisis for men is 40-45 years old and for women is about 5 years earlier. He wrote “Seasons of men’s life” in 1978 and “seasons of women’s life in 1997.
3 factors to enhance interpersonal attraction
close proximity, physical attraction, similar beliefs (reciprocity of attraction).
contextualism implies
behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which the behavior is occurs.
Carol Gilligan, an assistant to Lawrence Kohlberg, was critical of his theory of moral development because
she felt it applied more so to men than women.
_______helped to popularize the multicultural counseling movement.
The civil rights movement
______is when a counselor speaks of the probable outcome in a case.
the prognosis, it is the probability one can recover from a condition.
a counselors talks of what they believe must transpire from a psychotherapy standpoint
they are giving a recommendation.
What did the 1971 Stanford Prison experiment demonstrate?
People conform to social roles.
research says
clients in most cases prefer counselors who have the same background as them
Who created the frustration-aggression theory?
John Dollard and Neal Miller
A popular consistency/balance theory in social psychology is_____cognitive dissonance theory
Festinger’s.
Culture is a set of rule, procedures, ideas, values
culture provides ppl with standards of conduct
Mores are beliefs and social customs
regarding right and wrong of behavior. People are punished for violating mores.
who was the first person to focus heavily on sociocultural issues?
Frank Parsons, the father of guidance.
a counselor apart of a research study will be counseling clients in polar regions and then at a point near the equator
their concern is national and ecological culture
Biological similarites and sameness
universal culture
early vocalization in infants
is nearly the same in all cultures
